Civics: “The God That Failed”, essays by six Communist intellectuals of the 1920s-30s who figured out the lie.

ARTHUR KOESTLER RICHARD WRIGHT LOUIS FISCHER, IGNAZIO SILONE ANDR E GIDE STEPHEN SPENDER

we ex-Communists are the only people on your side who know what it’s all about.” And with that the talk veered to why so-and-so had ever become a Communist, and why he had or had not left the Party. When the argument began to boil up again, I said, ‘Wait. Tell me exactly what happened when you joined the Party-not what you feel about it now, but what you felt then.” So Koestler began the strange story of his meeting with Herr Schneller in the Schneidemiihl paper-mill; and suddenly I interrupted, “This should be a book,” and we began to discuss names of ex­ Communists capable of telling the truth about themselves.

At first our choice ranged far and wide, but before the night was out we decided to limit the list to half a dozen writers and journalists. We were not in the least interested either in swelling the Hood of anti-Communist propaganda or in pro­ viding an opportunity for personal apologetics. Our concern was to study the state of mind of the Communist convert, and the atmosphere of the period-from 1917 to 1939-when con­ version was so common. For this purpose it was essential that each contributor should be able not to relive the past-that is impossible-but, by an act of imaginative self-analysis, to recreate it, despite the foreknowledge of the present. As I well know, autobiography of this sort is almost impossible for the practical politician: his self-respect distorts the past in terms of the present. So-called scientillc analysis is equally mislead­ ing; dissecting the personality into a set of psychological and sociological causes, it explains away the emotions, which we wanted described. The objectivity we sought was thepower to recollect-if not in tranquillity, at least in “dispassion”­ and this power is rarely granted except to the imaginative writer.