Kalina Prelikj:

For decades, school design was synonymous with rigidity. Rows of identical classrooms, harsh lighting and long, narrow corridors created environments that felt more like factories — or worse, prisons — than places for nurturing young minds. This comparison isn’t entirely accidental. While it may be more legend than the fact that many schools were designed by the same architects who built prisons, the underlying principles guiding their design were strikingly similar. The focus was on efficiency, control and uniformity — goals just as relevant to prisons as early educational institutions.

Large institutional architecture firms, often responsible for designing schools, libraries, hospitals and prisons, employed similar principles across these different building types. These designs prioritized managing large groups of people, keeping them orderly and minimizing disruption. The result was monolithic, drab and often devoid of warmth or inspiration — structures that, like prisons, organized people and their activities in ways that stripped away individuality and creativity.

But the world has changed. And so has our understanding of childhood and adolescence. Society now sees children as individuals with unique needs and ways of learning. The rigid designs of the past are giving way to spaces that embrace creativity, exploration and a more holistic approach to education. This shift is clearly reflected in the A+Awards winners and finalists in the education categories, where innovative designs redefine how we think about learning environments. With that in mind, this article explores the child-centric principles shaping the design of contemporary educational spaces.