School Information System

Andrew Rotherham:

Why? The job is not to advocate for the schools, it’s to regulate the schools. Just like the SEC isn’t hostile to capitalism, but its role is not to excuse away every failing in the financial world. The SEC is charged with holding people accountable for those failures, remedies where appropriate, and putting in place policies and practices to try to prevent problems upstream by creating an environment that broadly speaking is conducive to effective capitalism. Substitute education for capitalism and state boards of education should seek roughly the same.

After the disastrous pandemic experience – and also well before that for anyone who was paying attention – the education system is in desperate need of some regulation and prods to do better because it’s largely unaccountable to anyone outside of organized constituency groups right now and there are few remedies for people being consistently failed by it who don’t have personal financial means.

The tells on this come up a lot. You will often hear things like, ‘we can’t do that because the districts/teachers/x group won’t like it.’ Obviously leaders should listen to and parse feedback, and often objections will make a proposal stronger. Yet at the end of the day these various groups not liking something is not dispositive.

In the NCLB-era the gyrations boards went through to avoid transparency about system performance or measure that might reveal problems reached the point of total absurdity.

It’s not just policymaking. You see this in the ethos. Consider press releases. Next time some dismal results come out take a look at the spin. Post-pandemic closures in 2020 and 2021 some state board releases spent more time trying to convince parents why they shouldn’t pay attention to the dismal scores than explaining what the results were or why they might matter for your kid. Or when NAEP time comes and scores are generally stagnant or down you often see the press release with a headline to the effect of “Left-handed 8th-grade girls who play sports up 3 points.” And a credulous media too often writes from the release rather than parsing the actual data.

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Did taxpayer funded Wisconsin DPI Superintendent Underly Juice Test Scores for Reelection?

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Only 31% of 4th graders in Wisconsin read at grade level, which is worse than Mississippi.

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Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average (now > $25,000 per student) K-12 tax & spending practices. This, despite long term, disastrous reading results. 

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic”

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results 

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

“An emphasis on adult employment”

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

WEAC: $1.57 million for Four Wisconsin Senators

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

Eli Lake:

Harmeet Dhillon has two mugs in her office at the Justice Department. One says “FAFO,” the acronym for “Fuck Around and Find Out.” The other says “The Tears of My Enemy.” Dhillon, the assistant attorney general for the Civil Rights Division, drinks those tears with relish. “Our opponents are wailing and gnashing their teeth every day,” she recently told the National Conservatism Conference in Washington, “and it’s a beautiful thing to see.”

Dhillon does not come off as a firebrand in conversation. She is more often heard speaking in the measured tones of a lawyer. When she isn’t working, she loves to garden and to knit. In 2012, she opened a business in her native San Francisco offering organic, hand-knitted scarves. But in the six months since she arrived at the Justice Department, she has launched a quiet revolution that is, in many ways, more radical than anything her predecessors—Republican or Democrat—have dared.

Institute for Justice:

Now available in a variety of powerful formulations:

👉 Qualified Immunity
👉 Absolute Immunity
👉 Municipal Immunity
👉 Prosecutorial Immunity
👉 Judicial Immunity

Take your pick — there’s a dose for every level of power.

Immunity™: It stops accountability dead.

Laura Powell:

Des Moines school board chair Jackie Norris announced this morning she is dropping out of the U.S. Senate race, citing the need to focus fully on the fallout from the Ian Roberts controversy.

In her statement, Norris casts herself as a victim, claiming that she and the broader community have been “in the crosshairs of vicious and coordinated attacks.”

While there has been some baseless speculation about her motivations for supporting Roberts, I’ve seen nothing that fairly qualifies as “vicious attacks.” And there’s certainly no evidence of any coordinated effort among her critics. Most of what she’s faced has been legitimate criticism, and her characterization of the public’s response is an attempt to deflect accountability

Wall Street Journal:

The Administration’s Compact for Academic Excellence in Higher Education, leaked to the press, offers schools preferential funding if they follow certain rules. Schools that agree to meet the Trump benchmarks would be eligible for “multiple positive benefits,” and “substantial and meaningful federal grants.”

Some rules are common sense. The memo specifies that universities in the compact must end the use of race or gender preferences in hiring or admission on campus. This is the law. Also sensible is embracing so-called institutional neutrality so schools don’t take sides in social and political issues unrelated to the university. Professors can opine in their private capacity, but the history department can’t dictate a certain view of the Arab-Israel conflict.

The memo encourages a “vibrant marketplace of ideas,” and that can’t be said often enough. Many schools are making good efforts to address progressive monoculture, including left-leaning faculty rosters. Kudos to schools like the University of Texas, which has created a school of Civic Leadership, and others like Vanderbilt that have hosted events to emphasize a return to free-speech principles. The Trump compact seems to have backed off attempts to dictate faculty hiring, a welcome development.

Where the compact goes too far is with its demand that schools freeze tuition for five years and cap the enrollment of international students at 15%. Mitch Daniels proved at Purdue that tuition can be frozen over several years, but this should be up to the schools themselves.

And where does the 15% cap on foreign students come from—a dartboard? International students are a source of full-freight tuition for many schools. Students from overseas were 26% of the University of Southern California student body in 2025. Limiting tuition and international students at the same time could leave schools with a budget shortfall.

Brian McGill and Sara Randazzo:

The compact acknowledges the crushing debt many college graduates face and seeks ways to alleviate the burden. Universities signing on would have to “commit to freezing the effective tuition rates charged to American students for the next five years.” The sticker price of tuition, room and board at some universities can now reach near $100,000.

Few college students pay such a high price. The average published price for tuition and fees at public four-year schools for those living in-state was $11,610, according to the College Board, a number that has actually decreased slightly over the past decade when inflation is taken into account. At private schools, the published average was $43,350, up 4% over a decade in inflation-adjusted dollars.

Austin Browne:

Donna Satterlee, a tenured assistant professor of human ecology and child development who had worked at the University of Maryland Eastern Shore for more than 20 years, filed a lawsuitagainst the school in July after being terminated last year.

The complaint includes a variety of allegations, including harassment, disparate treatment, and race-based discrimination.

Satterlee says that the university president, Heidi Anderson, “has expressed a preference for African-Americans in hiring of faculty and staff and the upper-administration of the university exhibits a marked bias against Caucasian and Asian citizens.”

She also notes that “Black faculty and administrators are paid vastly higher than others of similar or better qualifications.” According to the complaint, department chair Grace Namwamba confirmed this to Dr. Satterlee. When Satterlee raised concerns, Namwamba allegedly responded “in a highly intimidating manner causing extreme anxiety,” prompting Satterlee to seek a protective order with the human resources office.

Quinton Klabon:

Will reading reforms work in Wisconsin? By July 1st, teachers were supposed to relearn reading instruction the way the best states do it.

Unfortunately

• 27% of districts IGNORED DPI.
• 41% of teachers among repliers ARE NOT DONE.
• UW IGNORED DPI.

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More:

DPI misinterpreted Act 20 to say there was no deadline to follow the law. The Legislature has not enforced it, nor have they updated the law to produce a 2026 report.

So, we will have no idea which districts are doing the right thing.

The report is here.
docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/misc/lfb/jfc/2…

The University of Wisconsin System did not reply to requests for information about progress toward this requirement.

——-

Did taxpayer funded Wisconsin DPI Superintendent Underly Juice Test Scores for Reelection?

——-

Only 31% of 4th graders in Wisconsin read at grade level, which is worse than Mississippi.

——-

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average (now > $25,000 per student) K-12 tax & spending practices. This, despite long term, disastrous reading results. 

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic”

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results 

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

“An emphasis on adult employment”

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

WEAC: $1.57 million for Four Wisconsin Senators

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

Second City Cop:

Cops (and firefighters?) pay something like 11% because of course they do. They can’t strike and hold children hostage as a negotiating ploy.

Robbing Peter to pay off the CTU:

• Mayor Brandon Johnson’s budget proposal includes a gift for Chicago Public Schools: He is recommending that the city take an unprecedented amount out of special taxing districts so CPS can cover its costs and send some cash back to the city to help it end the year in the black.School board members say they believe CPS will receive more than $500 million — meaning Johnson will declare a record $1 billion TIF surplus. This would give CPS enough money to make it through the school year without massive cuts. And it would give the city some of what it needs to cover a $175 million municipal pension payment that the district balked at paying without help.

Chad Aldeman

Are teachers underpaid or overpaid? That’s a surprisingly tough question to answer.

The Economic Policy Institute says that the “teacher wage gap” keeps hitting all-time highs. Last year, they reported that teachers made 27% less in weekly wages than other “similar” professionals.

But friends don’t let friends cite the EPI data uncritically. Why? Lots of reasons…

First, do you get paid in “weekly wages?” I don’t. Slightly more than half of all workers are paid an hourly wage. Their income is directly tied to how much they work. Other workers—including teachers—get an annual salary regardless of how much they work. Regardless, the use of “weekly wages” should be your first red flag that the EPI calculations are a little funny.

Second, who are “similar” workers to teachers? EPI uses, “standard regression techniques to control for systematic differences in age, education, state of residence, and other factors known to affect wage rates.” In practice, teachers are one of the most well-educated occupations in the country, meaning EPI is effectively comparing teacher salaries with those of dentists, physical therapists, pharmacists, and economists. In fact, using the same EPI methodology, Andrew Biggs has found that nurses and firefighters are dramatically overpaid. Why? Because, while EPI is assuming that all educational credentials are created equal, the market values different jobs and degrees differently, and teaching degrees are on the lower end.

But third, and most importantly, the EPI data don’t tell us what happens to actual teachers when they enter and exit the profession. If they are correct, and teachers are earning far less than they should, then teachers should see a huge pay increase when they leave the profession.

Robert Pondiscio

Last week, my colleague Rick Hess published an essay that hits an increasingly raw nerve in American education. Writing about Oklahoma’s new “teacher test” aimed at ferreting out “woke indoctrination,” he observed that while the state is right to be concerned about politicization of the teaching profession, it has chosen the wrong remedy.

In brief, Oklahoma lawmakers have proposedrequiring teachers from New York and California to affirm their commitment to “Western civilization,” “parental rights,” and other values meant to counter the progressive ideology of teacher training programs. Rick’s point, which I share, is that the impulse is understandable, but the execution is wrongheaded. States have every reason to worry about ideological capture within schools of education. But trying to correct for one political orthodoxy by imposing another only deepens the problem.

The challenge isn’t which ideology prevails in the classroom. It’s the mistaken belief inculcated by too many teacher-prep programs and education’s professional culture that teaching itself is a form of personal expression—a political vocation rather than a public trust.

——-

Did taxpayer funded Wisconsin DPI Superintendent Underly Juice Test Scores for Reelection?

——-

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average (now > $25,000 per student) K-12 tax & spending practices. This, despite long term, disastrous reading results. 

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic”

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results 

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

“An emphasis on adult employment”

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

WEAC: $1.57 million for Four Wisconsin Senators

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

David Pereira:

When people long for shortcuts, you can stand out by being authentic. When everyone wants faster answers, you can win with better answers. When people want to do more, you can grow with sharper prioritization.

AI feeds our collective hunger for speed. But speed without direction just gets you lost faster. The question isn’t “How much can I automate?” but “What’s worth doing myself?”

If you’re in product, think about the activities where depth matters:

• Understanding customers beyond what they say in surveys.
• Reading between the lines of a business person’s request.
• Balancing trade-offs that involve values, not just numbers.
• Coaching your team through ambiguity.

Those are not activities you should delegate to AI. 
They demand presence, empathy, and judgment. They demand you.

Wall Street Journal:

Closing that gap has been a Youngkin priority. The state implemented more rigorous reading and math standards in 2023 and 2024. The current cut scores reflect outdated standards, says the board, and the new ones catch up to higher expectations. Honest scores keep adults accountable for how they’re teaching students, and show parents and teachers where children need help.

No surprise, the Virginia Education Association isn’t happy. Citing a union member who urged a “pause on drastic cut score changes,” the state teachers union posted last week on X.com that “we need stability, transparency, and trust in the system – not ‘moving the goalposts mid-game.’”

Teachers unions don’t like being held accountable for poor student performance, which is why they want easy test standards. They want to protect their worst teachers from scrutiny, even if it means dooming students to a lifetime of lost-learning harm.

“We hire promising young people who are motivated and hardworking, but they struggle with the math needed to do the job,” Phillip Abou-Zaki, a Virginian in the plumbing industry, told the board. Raising expectations shows “we believe in our kids and know they are capable of more.”

The board will vote on a final implementation plan this month. The Virginia example is worth emulating.

Brianna Abbott:

In 1980, the third edition of the manual—the DSM-3—said children needed to show severe language deficits, bizarre reactions to their environment and a lack of interest in people, starting before 30 months old, to get a diagnosis. By 1994, the DSM-4 expanded the definition to more social and behavioral traits including repetitive behaviors or intense interests and created categories including Asperger’s syndrome, for milder cases.

Starting in 2013, the DSM-5 merged those categories into a single spectrum with three levels, added sensory issues and loosened the age limit on when symptoms needed to appear. At the time, some suspected that the shift could lower rates by leaving out kids who previously qualified, but that didn’t materialize, researchers said.

“Clinicians are assigning this diagnosis in a way they absolutely weren’t when autism first entered the DSM,” said David Mandell, an autism researcher and director of the Penn Center for Mental Health at the University of Pennsylvania.

Clinicians might also be less frequently assigning other labels such as intellectual disability, formally referred to as mental retardation, some data suggest. Substituting one diagnosis for another accounted for an estimated 64% of the increased autism cases from 2000 to 2010 in U.S. special-education enrollment, according to one 2015 analysis.

Wall Street Journal:

Here we go again. The Supreme Court keeps getting dragged into redistricting fights involving race, and this week the Justices will rehear a racial gerrymander challenge to Louisiana’s Congressional map. It could be a landmark that ends the cynical use of race by both major parties to advance their partisan interests.

In recent years, the Justices have considered challenges to maps in Texas, South Carolina, Alabama and Louisiana. They punted last term on deciding the Louisiana case (Louisiana v. Callais) that they will reconsider Wednesday. They will also take up the question of whether the intentional creation of majority-minority districts violates the Fourteenth Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause and the Fifteenth Amendment’s prohibition against abridging a citizen’s right to vote based on race. The right answer is yes.

***
State Legislatures are caught in a legal vise. If they draw maps that consider race too little, they can be found to violate Section 2 of the 1965 Voting Rights Act. If they weigh race too much, they could run afoul of the Constitution’s Equal Protection Clause.

Julie Jargon:

Paulette DesCoteaux sent her daughter, Kendra, off to college three years ago with broad advice: Get good grades and have fun. But as she learned more about AI’s growing impact on the job market, her advice changed.

Get hyperfocused on networking, double major and land a job, DesCoteaux now says.

“You don’t know which lever you’re going to have to pull,” says DesCoteaux, who is steeped in artificial intelligence in her own job at a logistics company.

The AI boom’s effect on the job market for young adults is creating new anxiety for parents. Many don’t know how to advise teens on what to study in college—or whether to even go.

Computer science isn’t the safe bet it used to be, so a lot of students are majoring in business, says Allison Slater Tate, director of college counseling at a private prep school in Florida. “There’s a panic over careers and employment,” she says. “Everyone is looking for a guarantee.”

She and other experts say students should consider liberal arts degrees because employers value critical thinking skills. For some, the future of work has never been less clear.

“The most important thing we can advise kids to do is to learn how to learn and how to think, because the only thing we can do over computers is to be human,” Slater Tate says. She sees growing demand for philosophy and art history majors in banking and elsewhere as companies seek workers who can apply critical thinking across disciplines.

Johanna Alonso:

Amid debates about how to help families see past high sticker prices, 22 institutions are adopting a resource to instantly estimate costs based just on household income.

This week, 22 selective, private colleges launched a new net cost estimator that has a key difference from the standard net price calculators required by federal law. The tool, developed by Phil Levine, an economist and college cost transparency advocate, uses just one data point—household income—to predict how much it will cost for a student to attend that college.

The estimate aligns a prospective student’s family income with the incomes of current students. Based on what those students pay, it then provides a range of possible tuition prices, as well as the tool’s “best estimate” of what the cost will actually be. It also takes into account whether the student has any siblings currently in college. 

For example, at Washington University in St. Louis, which has been piloting the resource since late last year, a student whose family makes $130,000 annually and who has no siblings attending college would see that the highest annual cost they’d likely pay would be $33,000, the lowest would be $14,300, and the best estimate would be $23,600. The estimator notes that 90 percent of students with that family income will pay somewhere between $14,300 and $33,000 a year.

Washington Free Beacon

The man in charge of the social studies curriculum for Philadelphia public schools has posted several online tributes to the convicted cop-killer Assata Shakur, even using her photo as his profile picture on social media.

Ismael Jimenez, the director of social studies curriculum for the K-12 School District of Philadelphia, honored Shakur in several posts days after her death in September, but his public support for the woman who was once the FBI’s most-wanted terrorist dates back over a year.

“If we do not take ourselves seriously and we do not take our movement seriously then we’ll have to hang our heads in front of our ancestors,” Jimenez wrote on Facebook on Sept. 28, attributing the statement to Shakur.

Richard Rubin & Anthony DeBarros:

2. Interest costs keep climbing.

By one CBO metric, net interest on the public debt topped $1 trillion for the first time—more than the country spent on Medicare or defense. For every $5 the government collected in taxes, about $1 went to pay interest.

Net interest of $1.029 trillion was up roughly $80 billion, or 8%, from a year earlier. This measure isn’t directly comparable to how net interest is reported in some other CBO or White House accounts, but the differences are relatively small and the trend is consistent.

There is little the government can do in the short term about the rising interest bill. It is the inevitable result of the growing national debt and higher interest rates.

Danielle DuClos x.com

A yearlong investigation by the Cap Times found the state Department of Public Instruction investigated more than 200 Wisconsin teachers, aides, substitutes and administrators from 2018 to 2023 who were accused of sexual misconduct or grooming behaviors toward students — information previously unknown to the public.  

The department’s internal records show these allegations included educators sexually assaulting students, soliciting nude photos from children or initiating sexual relationships immediately after students graduated.  

Licensing officials also investigated educators accused of grooming behaviors like flirting with children, spending non-school time alone and isolated with students, or invading students’ personal space by rubbing their shoulders, thighs and lower backs. 

Child sexual abuse prevention advocates and researchers say these behaviors have lasting psychological effects on children, making it harder for them to succeed in school and have healthy relationships. The Cap Times interviewed seven academics and advocates about how the Department of Public Instruction investigates and documents educator misconduct. Each said the department’s practices are inadequately protecting students. 

“They need to change. That’s insufficient. That’s not going to keep kids safe,” said Charol Shakeshaft, who authored one of the most comprehensive reviews of teacher sexual misconduct for the U.S. Department of Education. 

Best estimates show one in 10 students experiences sexual misconduct from educators during their K-12 schooling, according to that federal report. In Wisconsin, that rate would amount to more than 93,000 school children. 

————

Educator Sexual Misconduct: A Synthesis of Existing Literature

more. Tom Tiffany.

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The CapTimes endorsed Underly for another four year term in 2025. Perhaps a little contrition from the media is in order here too.

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John Jagler:

Mark Treinen:

One person who wouldn’t talk to her is State Superintendent Jill Underly.

Leo Koerner:

IN “Gen Z’s Right Turn” (September-October, page 20), Harvard Republican Club president Leo Koerner ascribes his conversion to a conservative viewpoint to resentment over early attempts to contain COVID-19 through mask mandates, lockdowns, and school closures, despite a lack of certainty over their effectiveness.

It is worth recalling the devastating toll that the disease took and the supposition, later validated, that transmission might be respiratory. A teenager’s frustration is an understandable source of resentment but hardly a productive basis for the political organization of society.

Stephen Poppel ’65, Ph.D. ’73

Ghent, N. Y.

RE: “Gen Z’s Right Turn,” the adults among us need to take a lesson. Is talking to one another so terrible?

——-

Walter Kirn:

The Harvard alumni org holding the line on COVID orthodoxy years after the whole game fell apart is pure intellectual Titanic culture. Love how they snub those pesky “teenagers” when they jump ship but serenade them as the conscience of mankind when they sing along with the band.

Richard Zimman:

the very public institutions intended for student learning has become focused instead on adult employment. I say that as an employee. Adult practices and attitudes have become embedded in organizational culture governed by strict regulations and union contracts that dictate most of what occurs inside schools today. Any impetus to change direction or structure is met with swift and stiff resistance. 

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Dane county Madison taxpayer funded public health covid era lockdown mandates

Sally Pipes:

In other words, Obamacare has been an engine of insurance premium inflation. Democrats have tried to cover up that fact with ever more taxpayer subsidies. Yet another round of subsidies will not fix that fundamental problem.

Rising premiums were not some unexpected consequence of Obamacare. They were baked into the law’s very structure. Because of Obamacare’s long list of federal insurance market regulations, insurers had no choice but to raise prices to cover their costs.

As Johns Hopkins University professor Ge Bai wrote in a recent Wall Street Journal op-ed, “The inflationary provisions of the Affordable Care Act—such as the medical loss ratio, mandated ‘essential’ benefits, community rating and premium subsidies—have inhibited insurers from offering affordable and flexible options.”

Community rating—which bans insurers from charging older, sicker patients more than three times what they charge younger, healthier ones—is a major driver of premium inflation. As is the ten “essential” health benefits requirement, which mandates that all plans cover the same list of services and procedures, regardless of what a patient actually needs or wants.

Guaranteed issue—the requirement that insurers sell to all comers, regardless of their health status or age—is another reason why Obamacare inflated premiums from the get-go.

———

more.

Rachit Nigam:

This class is about the study of programming languages. Before we start, I want to perform two activities with folks here. First, I want us to answer two dumb questions:

1. Why do we design new programming languages?
2. What is a programming language?

While (2) seems to be the more fundamental question, we need to answer (1) to have any hope of even thinking about (2).

So first, why do we design programming languages? Every program that can be written, can be written in C or assembly or Java or any of the dozens of languages we already have. So why do we design new languages?

Common answers to this question will include words like abstraction, performance, convenience, usability etc. The problem with these answers is that apart from the measurable, they are all subjective, aesthetic choices. Convenience is a function of knowledge, familiarity, and community. Usability is similarly ill-defined and hard to measure. And of course, none of these metrics really predict which languages are widely used or popular.

Consider the thought of inventing a whole new natural language just to express a new concept clearly. Explaining the rules of grammar and construction would certainly be simpler than any natural language provides. And yet, we’d have the small, troubling problem that this knowledge would be almost entirely useless; we need to learn a commonly known natural language to communicate with people. And yet, this is something that we can often find ourselves doing with programming languages with the hope that the concepts learned in one language can be transferred into another; a world where being a polyglot is expected, not unusual.

Blake Dodge and Katherine Dee:

Who wrote these dispatches, you may ask? An obscure leftist blogger, tucked away on BlueSky, followed by a handful of Portlandia co-op members? Nope.

Heather Cox Richardson may not be a household name, but she’s one of the most influential voices in American media. From her home in Maine, the Boston College professor has built a following of 2.7 million subscribers — that’s 1 million more people than Jimmy Kimmel’s average audience size, and just shy of the left-wing political commentator Hasan Piker’s 3 million streaming followers — who treat reading her nightly Substack, “Letters from an American,” as an act of patriotism.

To her followers, Richardson is the last responsible adult in the room: calm, authoritative, devoted to the hard facts of history. She presents herself as America’s professor, neither a polemicist nor performer. Yet the history in her telling is never neutral. Each night, she offers a morality tale in which Republicans play the villains; Democrats, the weary defenders of reason.

That pattern was clearest when she told readers last month that Kirk’s assassin, Tyler Robinson, was another example of MAGA violence, a symbol of the right’s descent into madness. She still hasn’t corrected the record that Robinson was, in fact, left-leaning, according to his family and basically every piece of credible evidence that exists. But that mistake in particular matters less than what it revealed. Richardson was wrong, but she was doing what she always does: imposing a narrative shape on events that, occasionally, are too messy to have a cleanly delivered moral. In that, she’s emblematic of the new media order: unaccountable, independent, influential, and commanding both an audience larger than most television shows and a devoted fandom. Her appeal rests on what the public has lost faith in — The New York Times telling us all what to think — and what it wants instead: a guide who, more or less, tells us all what to think, but more honorably. A Virgil cutting through the hellscape of modern politics and media.

Sabine Martin:

Universities of Wisconsin faculty in high-demand fields of study could get salary bumps under a new policy that’s part of the recent state budget deal.

Last week, the UW Board of Regents approved a proposal detailing how the UW system will dole out $27 million annually for market pay adjustments to attract and keep faculty in growing fields, fulfilling a legislative reform set in the budget agreement.

Of that, $2 million is earmarked for UW-Madison to use for faculty who work in “areas that advance diversity of thought and the foundation of free markets.”

As of May, 68% of the more than 5,000 faculty across the UW system are paid below their peer American Association of University Professors median salary, according to the Regents.

Kyla Scanlon:

As the supply of young people dries up, towns built around America’s higher education system will learn what happens when the students stop coming

Earlier this year, on a visit back to my alma mater, Western Kentucky University, I spoke to a student majoring in business who told me he might drop out of college to take a factory job near home. Tuition was going up (again) and he wasn’t sure if there was anything waiting for him at the end of this yellow brick road. He was scared.

I certainly didn’t know what to tell him. I wanted to say the degree would pay off, that education is worth the investment. But I graduated in 2019, months before the pandemic. College has changed, and so have jobs. I didn’t have an answer for him because the institutions themselves don’t seem to have an answer either.

The irony wasn’t lost on me. A student leaving college for factory work — the very jobs that disappeared in the First Rust Belt, now somehow seeming more reliable than a degree. It’s the kind of reversal that makes you wonder if the life path forward is actually backward, or if there’s a path at all. The answer, it turns out, is bigger than one student’s choice.

Steve Blank:

Where is Science in the U.S. Done?
America’s unique insight that has allowed it to dominate Science and invention, is that after WWII we gave Research and Development money to universities, rather than only funding government laboratories. No other country did this at scale.

Idrees Kahloon

The past decade may rank as one of the worst in the history of American education. It marks a stark reversal from what was once a hopeful story. At the start of the century, American students registered steady improvement in math and reading. Around 2013, this progress began to stall out, and then to backslide dramatically. What exactly went wrong? The decline began well before the pandemic, so COVID-era disruptions alone cannot explain it. Smartphones and social media probably account for some of the drop. But there’s another explanation, albeit one that progressives in particular seem reluctant to countenance: a pervasive refusal to hold children to high standards.

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We are now seeing what the lost decade in American education has wrought. By some measures, American students have regressed to a level not seen in 25 years or more. Test scores from NAEP, short for the National Assessment of Educational Progress, released this year show that 33 percent of eighth graders are reading at a level that is “below basic”—meaning that they struggle to follow the order of events in a passage or to even summarize its main idea. That is the highest share of students unable to meaningfully read since 1992. Among fourth graders, 40 percent are below basic in reading, the highest share since 2000. In 2024, the average score on the ACT, a popular college-admissions standardized test that is graded on a scale of 1 to 36, was 19.4—the worst average performance since the test was redesigned in 1990.

———

Did taxpayer funded Wisconsin DPI Superintendent Underly Juice Test Scores for Reelection?

——-

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average (now > $25,000 per student) K-12 tax & spending practices. This, despite long term, disastrous reading results. 

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic”

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results 

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

“An emphasis on adult employment”

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

WEAC: $1.57 million for Four Wisconsin Senators

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

Alice Li:

China’s expansion of its rare earth export controls appeared to mark another escalation in the US-China trade war last week. But the announcements were also significant in another way: unusually, the documents could not be opened using American word processing software.

For the first time, China’s Ministry of Commerce issued a slew of documents that could be directly accessed only through WPS Office – China’s answer to Microsoft Office – as Beijing continues its tech self-reliance drive.

Developed by the Beijing-based software company Kingsoft, WPS Office uses a different coding structure to Microsoft Office, meaning WPS text files cannot be opened directly in Word without conversion.

Previously, the ministry primarily released text documents in Microsoft Word format.

The switch in document delivery format came amid escalating trade tensions between China and the US, as Washington continues to wield its technological edge as leverage in its rivalry with Beijing.

Following China’s announcement of the new export controls, US President Donald Trump threatened that America would curb the export of “any and all critical software”.

www

Discover some of the most in-demand careers in the trades. Learn about salary ranges, requirements, and responsibilities of a trade, and how many jobs are available across the country.

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Meanwhile:

Did taxpayer funded Wisconsin DPI Superintendent Underly Juice Test Scores for Reelection?

——-

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average (now > $25,000 per student) K-12 tax & spending practices. This, despite long term, disastrous reading results. 

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic”

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results 

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

“An emphasis on adult employment”

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

WEAC: $1.57 million for Four Wisconsin Senators

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

Gregory Barber:

Whether your chip is running a vintage computer game or the latest DeepSeek model, it’ll reward you for speaking its native language.

No Adult Left Behind: How Politics Hijacks Education Policy and Hurts Kids, by Vladimir Kogan (Cambridge University Press, 328 pp., $29.99)

In February 2021—the same month the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released a school-reopening plan that effectively extended the Covid closures—teachers’ union bosses Randi Weingarten of the American Federation of Teachers (AFT) and Becky Pringle of the National Education Association (NEA) were in constant contact with then-CDC director Rochelle Walensky. The lobbying paid off handsomely, according to reporting by the New York Post, with the CDC adopting union advice “nearly verbatim” in at least two cases.

Finally, a reason to check your email.

Sign up for our free newsletter today.

By now, even most mainstream liberal commentators have acknowledged that the long-term school closures of the pandemic era were disastrous. Yet the root of that disaster—the tendency to put the political preferences of adults over the well-being of America’s K–12 children—have barely been discussed beyond the pandemic context.

A new book by Ohio State University political scientist Vladimir Kogan, No Adult Left Behind: How Politics Hijacks Education Policy and Hurts Kids, looks to change this. Kogan draws attention to how schools put culture-war politics and other considerations over the needs of students and parents.

He begins with the problematic notion that “schools are ‘community institutions.’” This is a politically convenient concept that allows schools to get away with poor performance and drift from their core mission, making education about everything but academic performance. “Would residents be OK with drinking contaminated water, laced with dysentery and typhoid, in order to protect the jobs of those who work for public water agencies?” Kogan asks.

———

Did taxpayer funded Wisconsin DPI Superintendent Underly Juice Test Scores for Reelection?

——-

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average (now > $25,000 per student) K-12 tax & spending practices. This, despite long term, disastrous reading results. 

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic”

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results 

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

“An emphasis on adult employment”

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

WEAC: $1.57 million for Four Wisconsin Senators

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

Camus:

“They created a portal, managed by the FBI, to directly pressure social media companies.” Internal correspondences show executives at Facebook and Instagram were “appalled,” calling the demands “illegal.” Yet, they complied.

RFK Jr.’s Instagram account, with nearly one million followers, was removed. The reason? He explains, “Not a single post was factually inaccurate. Every statement was sourced from government databases or peer-reviewed science.”

Faced with truth, the administration invented a new category: “malinformation.” RFK Jr. defines it as “information that is factually correct, but it is nevertheless inconvenient to the government.”

He warns, “This is the first step down the slippery slope to totalitarianism. There is no time that we look back in history and say that the people who were censoring speech are the good guys. They’re always the bad guys.”

——-

The Twitter Files.

Neeraja Deshpande

He begins with the problematic notion that “schools are ‘community institutions.’” This is a politically convenient concept that allows schools to get away with poor performance and drift from their core mission, making education about everything but academic performance. “Would residents be OK with drinking contaminated water, laced with dysentery and typhoid, in order to protect the jobs of those who work for public water agencies?” Kogan asks.

Many American educational failures, Kogan argues, are failures of democratic accountability. The voting public is not just parents; academic outcomes aren’t always voters’ highest priority; and most local or school board elections are either uncontested or fail to present meaningful choices to voters. It also doesn’t help that education politics has become so polarized. As Kogan writes, “It is adults who ultimately control public school districts through the ballot box, and what they want is often quite different than what public school students need.”

Schools face a “trilemma,” writes Kogan. They must provide “a quality education for students, democratic accountability to local voters, and good-paying employment opportunities for local residents.” But because children don’t vote, quality education often falls by the wayside.

This is especially true when it comes to decisions to close or consolidate schools—an increasingly common occurrence in a time of declining school-age population. Kogan finds that consolidations and closures by and large don’t affect students’ academic outcomes, but they’re hard to implement because adult concerns make them “unavoidably a political rather than a technocratic process.” The result is often wasteful and inefficient spending.

——-

Did taxpayer funded Wisconsin DPI Superintendent Underly Juice Test Scores for Reelection?

——-

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average (now > $25,000 per student) K-12 tax & spending practices. This, despite long term, disastrous reading results. 

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic”

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results 

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

“An emphasis on adult employment”

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

WEAC: $1.57 million for Four Wisconsin Senators

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

Clara Holt:

After forty years in the classroom, my career ended with one small sentence from a six-year-old:

“My dad says people like you don’t matter anymore.”

No sneer. No malice. Just quiet honesty — the kind that cuts deeper because it’s innocent. He blinked, then added, “You don’t even have a TikTok.”

My name is Mrs. Clara Holt, and for four decades, I taught kindergarten in a small Denver suburb. Today, I stacked the last box on my desk and locked the door behind me.

When I started teaching in the early 1980s, it felt like a promise — a shared belief that what we did mattered. We weren’t rich, but we were valued. Parents brought warm cookies to parent nights. Kids gave you handmade cards with hearts that didn’t quite line up. Watching a child sound out their first sentence felt like magic.

But that world slowly slipped away. The job I once knew has been replaced by exhaustion, red tape, and a kind of loneliness I can’t quite describe.

My evenings used to be filled with construction paper, glitter, and glue sticks. Now they’re spent filling out digital reports to protect myself from angry emails or lawsuits. I’ve been yelled at by parents in front of twenty-five children — one filming me with his phone while I tried to calm another child mid-meltdown.

MIT President Sally Kornbluth

October 10, 2025
Dear members of the MIT community,

The U.S. Department of Education recently sent MIT and eight other institutions a proposed “Compact for Academic Excellence in Higher Education,” along with a letter asking that MIT review the document.

From the messages I’ve received, I know this is on the minds of many of you and that you care deeply about the Institute’s mission, its values and each other. I do too.

After considerable thought and consultation with leaders from across MIT, today I sent the following reply to U.S. Education Secretary Linda McMahon.

Ben Brubaker:

A canonical problem in computer science is to find the shortest route to every point in a network. A new approach beats the classic algorithm taught in textbooks.

Matthew Redmond:
In one of his stand-up sets, comedian David Cross rejects all political commentary that tries to answer the question, “What would America’s Founding Fathers think if they were alive today?”

For Cross, it is pointless to speculate about the present-day views of men who could not have imagined cotton candy, let alone the machine that makes it.

“What’s a machine? What’s a machine???” he screams in their collective voice, recoiling from the sorcery of the state fair.

The first time I saw this bit, something odd happened. Having just read the 1776 political pamphlet “Common Sense,” I could hear its author, one of America’s founders, laughing louder than anybody.

That would be Thomas Paine, the man credited with turning the American Revolution from a complicated Colonial fracas into a titanic struggle for the soul of liberty itself.

If Cross is skeptical that anything 250 years old still holds up, Paine, were he alive today, could probably name one thing: skepticism. Ways of thinking and being do not grow out of the ground; we make them ourselves, then hand them down as best we can. Paine would smile to see his favorite heirloom, the skeptical worldview, still intact.

Saying “no” – especially to those in power – is an underrated American pastime, and Paine was its Babe Ruth. If you plan on joining No Kings rallies and have yet to find a slogan for your sign, Paine’s got you covered: “In America, the law is king!” “No King! No Tyranny!” “Monarchy hath poisoned the republic.”

Joanne Jacobs:

Now test scores are falling in New England, rising in Mississippi, Louisiana, Tennessee and Alabama, he writes. While leaders of the “Southern Surge” focused relentlessly on improving reading instruction, New England schools were lowering expectations, Huffaker writes. To end the Massachusetts Malaise, leaders must “override the wishes of popular and powerful teachers unions, and, most of all, stop resting on their laurels.”

Karen Vaites and others have written about the Southern Surge in reading scores for months now, but it’s an essay last week by Kelsey Piper, Illiteracy is a policy choice, that seems to have woken everybody up. “If you live where I do, in Oakland, California, and you cannot afford private education, you should be seriously considering moving to Mississippi for the substantially better public schools,” wrote Piper in The Argument.

No, Mississippi isn’t cooking the books, Piper and Vaites write this week, also in The Argument. With far fewer resources than most states and far needier students, these deep South states are showing impressive progress.

Among other things, the “surge” states test K-3 students’ reading progress frequently to ensure they get timely help. A “reading gate” at the end of third grade — students aren’t promoted if they can’t read adequately — acts as a motivator. “Retention policies work because so much is done between kindergarten and third grade to ensure all kids develop reading skills.”

——-

Did taxpayer funded Wisconsin DPI Superintendent Underly Juice Test Scores for Reelection?

——-

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average (now > $25,000 per student) K-12 tax & spending practices. This, despite long term, disastrous reading results. 

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic”

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results 

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

“An emphasis on adult employment”

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

WEAC: $1.57 million for Four Wisconsin Senators

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

Jen Schuman:

When the Jefferson County Education Association endorsed Michael Yocum for school board this fall, few voters—perhaps not even the union itself—knew the full story.

According to verified audio recordings obtained by Rocky Mountain Voice (RMV), Yocum privately acknowledged a deferred adjudication involving a sealed juvenile sexual offense. 

Yocum received thousands in funding and endorsements from education-aligned groups. 

Now, with ballots dropping in one of the state’s largest school districts, the public is left to decide whether this is the kind of leadership that belongs at the helm of a district serving more than 75,000 students across 145 schools in Jefferson and Broomfield counties

Brian Blase:

Last year, I coauthored a paper with @kerpen & Casey Mulligan on the 12 broken promises of Obamacare. As the Washington Post has written that the ACA was never affordable, there is a greater recognition of how the law failed in cost control & other areas.

Frederick Hess:

For starters, Oklahoma’s test is less a measure of teaching ability or civic literacy than a quiz of rudimentary political knowledge, coupled with MAGA-aligned talking points on gender, religious liberty, and parents’ rights. The test asks how many senators there are, the names of the “two parts” of Congress, and the first three words of the U.S. Constitution. It also poses questions such as “What is the fundamental biological distinction between males and females?” (Correct answer: chromosomes and reproductive anatomy) and “Why is the distinction between male and female important in areas like sports and privacy?” (Correct answer: “to preserve fairness, safety, and integrity for both sexes”).

A teacher may know basic facts about Congress or biology and still be terribly woke.Checking rudimentary civic knowledge is fine, but this is a really low bar—and not an especially good way to weed out woke indoctrinators. After all, a teacher may know basic facts about Congress or biology and still be terribly woke. And ideological or ignorant teachers also hail from the other 48 states (trust me on this). Assessing all would-be teachers regarding civic knowledge and professional ethics would be a good thing. But this isn’t that. Moreover, targeting California and New York as Walters did reveals the whole thing to be a performative stunt, engineered to capture the attention of MAGA social media.

Well, just the other week, Walters announced he’d be resigning in order to serve as the CEO of a new education advocacy group. That means his successor has the opportunity to take up this initiative and get it right. That will require three things: acknowledging the problem, offering a principled solution, and seizing the opportunity to rethink teacher licensure.

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When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

SHRUTI RAJAGOPALAN

People in business, especially tech, love progress and innovation. They believe they’re the ones dragging the world forward while everyone else clings to the past. But for decades, they’ve been too narrowly focused on their own projects, on funding a new battery, or coding a new app, or building a better venture capital business. The most successful people become so good at one thing that they forget about the broader conditions that make progress possible in the first place.

But now we, and they, are finding out that the background matters more than anyone thought. Try starting a company that depends on global supply chains when trade wars flare up overnight. Try convincing the best machine learning researchers in the world to join you when immigration policies make it nearly impossible for them to get visas. Try raising a billion-dollar round when investors can’t predict what the government will do next week about taxes, tariffs, or regulations. Suddenly, the things they assumed were fixed, like the rule of law, fairness, and open markets, look less like constants and more like fragile variables.

“How did this happen?” they ask. “We were just building our business.”

What happened is that they confused the game with the rules of the game. The game was building their business. The rules were the scaffolding of ideas – like you can trade freely across borders, hire the best people regardless of where they’re born, expect contracts to be enforced, not determine commercial practices on the whim of a dictator, and get clear regulatory guidance.

Andrew Rotherham summary:

We’re defining success in a way that reflects our community values..not someone else’s”

Dr. Reid unveils the Future Readiness Index, an effort to push back on new state accountability standards w a counter narrative that will allow FCPS to rely on various academic & non-academic metrics (such as degree of belonging & community involvement) to represent that FCPS is doing terrifically, no matter what the state standards say.

——

Did taxpayer funded Wisconsin DPI Superintendent Underly Juice Test Scores for Reelection?

——-

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average (now > $25,000 per student) K-12 tax & spending practices. This, despite long term, disastrous reading results. 

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic”

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results 

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

“An emphasis on adult employment”

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

WEAC: $1.57 million for Four Wisconsin Senators

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

David Brooks:

Because of those reform efforts, student achievement test scores in reading, math and most other academic subjects shot upward between the mid-1990s and about 2013. In 1990 48 percent of America’s eighth graders scored below basic competency in math. But by 2013 that was down to just 26 percent. The best part of this progress was that the scores of the most disadvantaged students shot up the most. Among Black students, the share of those scoring below basic in math fell from 78 percent to 48 percent. Among Hispanic students, it fell from 66 percent to 38 percent.

Student outcomes are rarely just about what happens in the schools. The policies of that so-called neoliberal era helped, too. Economic growth was strong; income inequality decreased. Between 1983 and 2010 the child poverty rate fell from 30 percent to about 17 percent.

———

Did taxpayer funded Wisconsin DPI Superintendent Underly Juice Test Scores for Reelection?

——-

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average (now > $25,000 per student) K-12 tax & spending practices. This, despite long term, disastrous reading results. 

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic”

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results 

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

“An emphasis on adult employment”

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

WEAC: $1.57 million for Four Wisconsin Senators

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

Preston Cooper

Plus: Tuition cuts thanks to the “big beautiful bill,” and students choose more remunerative majors.

There’s a classic Calvin and Hobbes strip where Calvin receives an anonymous letter in the mail. In the place of a return address, he notes, “there’s a crude human skull with X’s for eyes and its tongue hanging out!”

He looks up and ventures: “Maybe it’s the IRS.”

Millions of student loan borrowers can expect thematically similar missives from America’s tax collectors starting next year. 2026 will bring the first full tax filing season during which the U.S. Treasury Department can seize defaulted borrowers’ refunds to pay their student loans. This collections tool has been turned off since before the pandemic—but it’s about to come back with a vengeance.

Jasmine Sun:

1) Nobody leaves campus. Caltrained to SF once every 1-2 mos, which was unusual + hard to get ppl to join. Kids are totally disconnected from / uninterested in the real world.

2) Stanford ships incoming freshmen 3 books over the summer and organizes a panel of the authors your first week on campus. Still remember turning to my dormmate to ask what they thought. Reply: “You actually read the books?”

3) Reflexive disrespect for humanities. Was told regularly “Why would you study IR?” and “Everyone smart enough to study CS does.” My freshman dorm was 75% eng. Eng is cool but so is interdisciplinarity.

4) Meanwhile humanities grade-inflate like crazy to retain anyone at all. Profs gave me 0 critical comments on my essays until I did an Oxford tutorial abroad and realized how little I knew. Nobody does readings or psets, ppl believe the focus is networking not learning.

Steve Mcguire:

1. Dartmouth (Feb 5, 2024):

“Several key findings guided our decision: First, standardized test scores are an important predictor of a student’s success in Dartmouth’s curriculum, and this is true regardless of a student’s background or family income.”

“Research shows that standardized test scores can be an important predictor of academic success at a place like Dartmouth and beyond—more so even than just grades or recommendations, for example.”

2. Yale (Feb 22, 2024):

“Yale’s research from before and after the pandemic has consistently demonstrated that, among all application components, test scores are the single greatest predictor of a student’s future Yale grades. This is true even after controlling for family income and other demographic variables, and it is true for subject-based exams such as AP and IB, in addition to the ACT and SAT.”

3. Brown (March 5, 2024):

“Our analysis made clear that SAT and ACT scores are among the key indicators that help predict a student’s ability to succeed and thrive in Brown’s demanding academic environment.”

Open Culture:

Teaching child visitors how to write their names using an unfamiliar or antique alphabet is a favorite activity of museum educators, but Dr. Irving Finkel, a cuneiform expert who specializes in ancient Mesopotamian medicine and magic, has grander designs.

His employer, the British Museum, has over 130,000 tablets spanning Mesopotamia’s Early Dynastic period to the Neo-Babylonian Empire “just waiting for young scholars to come devote themselves to (the) monkish work” of deciphering them.

WILL

AB 274/SB 277 – Sunset Review:
Wisconsin is the 13th most regulated state in the nation.

These bills establish a 7-year review process for all administrative rules to cut red tape & ensure outdated, duplicative, or unnecessary regulations don’t go unchecked. 3/7

Matt Taibbi;

Aggressively seeking… info that could predicate a case. 

“Obviously, everything is reversed here,” a spokesperson for Grassley’s office said. “You’re supposed to follow a lead to start a case, not start a case in search of a lead.”

The letter was released before former FBI Director James Comey today pleaded not guilty to charges of lying to Congress. Organic support for the hulking ex-FBI chief at the courthouse was faint. A few protesters held signs reading SHOW TRIAL and WEAPONIZATION OF GOVERNMENT, and media focused unironically on whether or not Trump is “using the justice system against his adversaries.” Comey, the once-mighty FBI chief who interfered with two presidential campaigns in 2016 (although he only conducted intrusive surveillance of one), is now going to argue for dismissal on the grounds that his prosecution is “vindictive.” 

Nobody seems to care now, but Trump faced multiple secret investigations at the hands of the FBI under Comey’s watch even before Special Counsel Robert Mueller was appointed to conduct his epic “links and/or coordination” probe. “Crossfire Hurricane,” the first, was absurdly predicated on a conversation between Australian Alexander Downer and Trump aide George Papadopoulos that “suggested the Trump team had received some kind of suggestion from Russia” (a suggestion of a suggestion!). The newly disclosed effort by Thibault openly grasped for predication.

Margarita Mora:

71 percent of students would report a professor for saying something offensive, according to results

Most college students value free speech — but only up to a certain point, according to the results of a recently released survey from the Challey Institute for Global Innovation and Growth at North Dakota State University.

Nearly three-quarters of students surveyed reported that they believe free speech matters more than comfort, yet 71 percent would report a professor for saying something offensive, and 57 percent would report a fellow student for the same reason, the results found. 

The annual poll tracks students’ views on free speech, capitalism, national progress, protests, and social media. More than 2,000 students from 472 colleges and universities nationwide were questioned for the 2025 results, released in September. 

Professor John Bitzan, author of the survey, told The College Fix that the assassination of conservative political activist Charlie Kirk is an example of the growing intolerance and violence toward unpopular views on college campuses.

SHRUTI RAJAGOPALAN

People in business, especially tech, love progress and innovation. They believe they’re the ones dragging the world forward while everyone else clings to the past. But for decades, they’ve been too narrowly focused on their own projects, on funding a new battery, or coding a new app, or building a better venture capital business. The most successful people become so good at one thing that they forget about the broader conditions that make progress possible in the first place.

But now we, and they, are finding out that the background matters more than anyone thought. Try starting a company that depends on global supply chains when trade wars flare up overnight. Try convincing the best machine learning researchers in the world to join you when immigration policies make it nearly impossible for them to get visas. Try raising a billion-dollar round when investors can’t predict what the government will do next week about taxes, tariffs, or regulations. Suddenly, the things they assumed were fixed, like the rule of law, fairness, and open markets, look less like constants and more like fragile variables.

“How did this happen?” they ask. “We were just building our business.”

Erin Gretzinger:

But the district hadn’t analyzed the correlation between safety-related data, such as incidents or school climate surveys, and the recommendations, Assistant Superintendent Cindy Green said.

“It depends on how you define safety, I think, but I think every day our schools work really hard,” Green said. “We have proactive teams in place. We have reactive teams in place. We have critical response teams in place to ensure that students are psychologically safe, physically safe.”

This year, the Madison Metropolitan School District updated its progress on dozens of completed recommendations. These initiatives seek to address a range of concerns, including a more clearly defined complaint procedure for student behavior, increased communication about procedures for school emergencies and a centralized district website on wellness.

——-

Did taxpayer funded Wisconsin DPI Superintendent Underly Juice Test Scores for Reelection?

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Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average (now > $25,000 per student) K-12 tax & spending practices. This, despite long term, disastrous reading results. 

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic”

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results 

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

“An emphasis on adult employment”

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

WEAC: $1.57 million for Four Wisconsin Senators

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

WILL:

The News: WILL has filed a new lawsuit against Milwaukee County to end an unconstitutional carve out allowing Milwaukee County to withhold millions from Wisconsin’s Common School Fund. This fund, mandated by the Wisconsin Constitution, supports libraries in schools and communities across Wisconsin. Under a provision tucked away in the current state budget, Milwaukee County may take 100% of all traffic fines and forfeitures, while other counties must deposit most of this money into the Common School Fund. Milwaukee County is now the only county that benefits from this carve out in the state budget.

The Quotes: WILL Associate Counsel, Lauren Greuel, stated, “The ‘Cream City Carve Out,’ is a flagrant and unconstitutional money grab by Milwaukee County, okayed by the last state budget. Our constitution requires these funds to go into the Common School Fund, and this budget provision is plainly unlawful. Library funding should be protected to ensure this vital resource continues to serve Wisconsinites for generations to come.”

WILL Client, Christine Stueland, stated, “As a taxpayer and library user, I know that every dollar matters. It’s frustrating to watch politicians in Madison give Milwaukee special treatment while others are shortchanged. If we don’t fight back for fairness and equal treatment for all, it will only get worse.”

Matt Taibbi:

It’s possible it’s coincidence that the IRS opened a case on me on Saturday, Christmas Eve, 2022, the same day as the Twitter Files story about the FBI/CIA, then visited my home exactly as I was testifying in Congress about the same thing. Could be unrelated, absolutely.

CARL HENDRICK

In the early 1980s, Howard Gardner’s Frames of Mind(1983) was explicitly written as a rebuttal to the psychometric theory of intelligence. He wanted to challenge the idea that a single numerical score could capture human intellect. For Gardner, intelligence was plural and context-dependent; musical, spatial, interpersonal, and so on. On the surface, this appears to be a far kinder approach to childrens’ abilities than the cold, harsh instrumentalism of the psychometrician. But the problem is not that Gardner’s idea is unkind; it’s that it isn’t true.

Curiously, the most prominent critic of the theory is Gardner himself. Yesterday, I saw a clip of him make a startling admission about his own theory. He claimed that it may not be scientifically true, but that he believes it should remain influential nonetheless.

DAISY CHRISTODOULOU

My mum’s favourite TV show when she was a child was The Flowerpot Men.

As she tells it, she would sit in front of the TV watching the test card, waiting eagerly for the programme to start.

She would sit entranced for 15 minutes, and then it would end, the test card would come back on, and that was it for Bill & Ben until the next day.

That was the media environment of the early 1960s.

A few years ago I suggested to my mum that she might like to try out Duolingo. She has always wanted to learn another language and never got very far. I quite like Duolingo and thought she might too.1

After downloading it and trying it out she rang me up. “This app is AMAZING! I would have LOVED this as a child! But what I don’t understand is – it’s so good and so much fun – why aren’t all the kids on it all the time? Why aren’t they all fluent in ten languages?”

Because the kids today have more options than watching a ropey black-and-white puppet show.

Peter Edmunds:

Schools are not ready for this:

-Open homework in google chrome
-Right click and go to “search with google lens”
-Google lens pops up on the right side and answers the question

Massive implications for homework. This was an Isaac physics “A level challenge 2” question.

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We asked teachers to try and spot AI-generated student responses to Carousel Learning quizzes.

Sean Salai

Students who entered Arkansas’ school voucher program rocketed by 157% in its second year, a new report shows.

Researchers from the University of Arkansas reported Tuesday that 14,256 students received state tax dollars to spend on private schools and other alternatives to public education during the 2024-25 academic year.

That’s up from 5,548 students who participated in the Education Freedom Accounts program during the 2023-24 term. The report noted that 91% of recipients have reenrolled for the current academic year as the program expands to reach

Bee:

I usually pride myself on being able to understand opposing views, even when I disagree. Plastic bag bans? Flawed but understandable. Central planning? I see the appeal despite the failures.

But the anti–G&T stance baffles me. Even highly egalitarian societies like the Soviet Union went out of their way to nurture talent in science, sports, and chess. They recognized the value of elevating the brightest minds.

Even if you’re a blank slater who believes ability is evenly distributed, and a pure egalitarian who sees any demographic imbalance as injustice, even then, why destroy programs that benefit some children? Ending G&T doesn’t help disadvantaged kids, it just removes an avenue for excellence.

This is one of the few mainstream policies I can’t understand from the other side. It strikes me as deeply wrong and disheartening to see it shaping education policy in one of America’s most important cities.

Kevin Kelly:

It is very probable we will discover that intelligence is likewise not a foundational singular element, but a derivative compound composed of multiple cognitive elements, combined in a complex system unique to each species of mind. The result that we call intelligence emerges from many different cognitive primitives such as long-term memory, spatial awareness, logical deduction, advance planning, pattern perception, and so on. There may be dozens of them, or hundreds. We currently don’t have any idea of what these elements are. We lack a periodic table of cognition.

The cognitive elements will more resemble the heavier elements in being unstable and dynamic. Or a better analogy would be to the elements in a biological cell. The primitives of cognition are flow states that appear in a thought cycle. They are like molecules in a cell which are in constant flux, shifting from one shape to another. Their molecular identity is related to their actions and interactions with other molecules. Thinking is a collective action that happens in time (like temperature in matter) and every mode can only be seen in relation to the other modes before and after it. It is a network phenomenon that makes it difficult to identify its borders. So each element of intelligence is embedded in a thought cycle, and requires the other elements as part of its identity. So each cognitive element is described in context of the other cognitive modes adjacent to it.

Families For New York:

A guest post by Professor Benjamin Solomon on the multiple omissions and inaccuracies in the newly released NY math briefs and why they should be withdrawn

Today I am sharing a guest post by Benjamin, an Associate Professor in School Psychology at the University of Albany, about what is wrong with the recently released New York math briefs and why NYSED should withdraw them. 

Below is a letter that Professor Solomon and others wrote to Commissioner Rosa. 

You can find the original letter with all the footnotes here. 

You can sign their petition to withdraw the Math Briefs here.

You can listen to his podcast with mathematician Dr. Anna Stokke talking about this issue here.

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2014: 21% of University of Wisconsin System Freshman Require Remedial Math

How One Woman Rewrote Math in Corvallis

Singapore Math

Discovery Math

Connected Math (2006!)

Laura Powell

I’ve been examining public records related to the Des Moines Public Schools superintendent search, which was largely conducted behind closed doors.

This thread explores one aspect: consideration of input from the community on desired traits for the new superintendent. It focuses on the role of a new figure, who works nationally as an education consultant—in shaping the process. 🧵

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Federal immigration officials reported that the superintendent had received a deportation order in May 2024 and fled from immigration agents when they approached him on Friday.

Wiley Hodges:

The removal of ICEBlock without evidence of the government either providing a lawful basis for such a demand or following a legal process to effect its removal represents an erosion of this principled stance. Acceding to a government ‘demand’ without demanding that the government follow legal process in order to back up its request (or at least shedding light on how the government did follow such process) raises the question of how easily Apple will accede to other requests. Will Apple lower its general standards for law enforcement requests from those outlined at https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/law-enforcement-guidelines-us.pdf? Will Apple give data on the identities of users who downloaded the ICEBlock app to the government? Will Apple block podcasts that advocate points of view opposed to the current US administration? I imagine and hope that these are ridiculous questions, but without a clearer demonstration of Apple’s principled commitment to lawful action and due process, I feel uncertain.

Eugene Volokh:

[1.] There’s a lot going on in the Trump Administration’s proposed “Compact,” and there’s a lot that we might want to ask about it. Some questions would have to do with whether particular demands (such as a tuition freeze or a 15% cap on foreign students or mandatory U.S. civics classes for foreign students) are a good idea. Some might be and some might not be. Some might have to do with the way that the Compact would rebalance power between universities and the federal government.

Some might have to do with whether particular demands (for instance, the requirement that universities require all applicants to take standardized admission tests) should be implemented top-down on a one-size-fits-all basis. The federal government may have the power to impose certain conditions on the recipients of government funds, but that doesn’t mean that it necessarily should do so. This question of when conditions become excessive micromanagement perennially arises when it comes to government contracts and grants.

Some questions have to do with whether the Executive Branch can impose these conditions through just an announcement, whether this would require notice-and-comment regulatory rulemaking, or whether it would require express Congressional authorization. Similar questions have arisen in the past with regard to whether, for instance, Title IX should be understood to mandate university investigation of alleged sexual assault by students; whether it should be understood as mandating a preponderance-of-the-evidence standard in such situations rather than a clear-and-convincing-evidence; and other matters. In particular, the Compact seems to contemplate conditions on universities’ “preferential treatment under the tax code,” which I expect would likely require revisions to the tax code. But there too there have been controversies about where the Executive Branch has power to read provisions into tax exemption requirements that hadn’t been expressly authorized by Congress (see, e.g., Bob Jones Univ. v. U.S. (1983)).

Mia Hughes

In April 2007, millions of Americans tuned in to ABC’s 20/20 as Barbara Walters introduced the world to psychiatry’s most devastating creation: the “transgender child.” In a segment titled “My Secret Self,” Walters profiled three children—including a young Jazz Jennings—being raised as the opposite sex, explaining that they had been diagnosed with “gender identity disorder.”

The episode marks the moment the Western world lost its grip on reality. A brand-new type of human being had been conjured into existence through the collision of psychiatry, endocrinology, and political activism. Yet while the concept defied everything known about childhood development and identity formation, large swathes of society—almost overnight—began believing the unbelievable: that a child could be born in the wrong body.

John Paul Rathbone:

In fact, Boğaziçi’s elegant grounds are a crucible of Turkey’s culture wars, home to battles that encapsulate many of the country’s travails — and that mirror disputes in the US and Hungary, where Donald Trump and Viktor Orbán are also seeking to bring elite universities to heel.

The furore at Boğaziçi erupted in 2021 after President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan mandated a loyalist to be its rector, and is set to come to a head again this week.

Although Turkey’s highest court ruled last year that such presidential appointments were unconstitutional, it made the decision on procedural grounds and new government legislation, which re-established the right, was rubber-stamped by parliament in June.

This has cleared the way for Erdoğan to again name a new rector when the current appointee’s term expires on Wednesday.

“We call it the authoritarian tool kit for a reason,” said Lisel Hintz, a Turkey specialist at Johns Hopkins University. “Boğaziçi is a target as it is one of Turkey’s most prestigious public universities . . . The government has long sought to weaken and reconfigure institutions they have viewed as obstacles.”

Karen Vaites & Kelsey Piper:

No. The skeptics are wrong. The Southern Surge is real.

The most important story in K-12 education is that a handful of states — and not the ones most expect — have figured out the tricky business of teaching kids to read. Mississippi, Louisiana, Tennessee, and Alabama have each bucked national trends by using a common approach and, in so doing, they have revealed the literacy playbook for even cash-strapped states in the Deep South. No excuses, California.

That story was everywhere last week, thanks to Kelsey Piper’s article here at The Argument, “Illiteracy is a policy choice.” In it, she took the media and elected officials to task for underplaying the trend. But the tide is swiftly turning: Last week, The Boston Globedeclared that “New England Schools Are Failing” and that “the ‘Southern Surge’ should be a wake-up call.” The same day, Rahm Emanuel called for an “education reset,” saying these Southern state reforms should become “the meat and potatoes of Democrats’ education agenda.”

But not everyone sees these trends in the data as a path forward for pushing schools to take reading seriously. Freddie deBoer, the left leaning author of The Cult of Smart: How Our Broken Education System Perpetuates Social Injustice, published a fervent critique of Kelsey’s piece on his Substack. He closed with a challenge. “We’ll see if The Argument, a magazine seemingly founded on the premise that liberal good vibes can overcome every inconvenient fact and complication, will engage with this kind of criticism.”

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more.

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Did taxpayer funded Wisconsin DPI Superintendent Underly Juice Test Scores for Reelection?

——-

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average (now > $25,000 per student) K-12 tax & spending practices. This, despite long term, disastrous reading results. 

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic”

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results 

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

“An emphasis on adult employment”

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

WEAC: $1.57 million for Four Wisconsin Senators

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

Erin Gretzinger:

The school district reached out to external partners to help more families access 4K programming, Gothard said at a Madison Public Schools Foundation event in late September.

“We want to be somewhat agnostic about this,” Gothard said. “This is truly about children and … making sure our youngest learners have the best opportunities for education, kindergarten success and beyond through our 4K community.”

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Notes on Madison’s 4K program and achievement….

Chris Rickert:

The Middleton-Cross Plains School District will no longer ask students in a civics class to declare a political party affiliation as part of an assignment, following criticism from the conservative group Moms for Liberty.

In a post on the social media platform X on Thursday, Moms for Liberty claimed a female student in the class “was ordered to write her full name on a square in the high school hallway and publicly declare herself as Republican, Democrat, or Independent.”

A photo accompanying the post shows blue, red and purple sticky notes affixed to a hallway display that is supposed to represent the political spectrum, with students who lean more liberal putting up blue notes at the left and students who lean more conservative posting red notes at the right.

Douglas Hofstader

When you engage in “ambigrammia” (the act or art of producing an ambigram), you are not so much creating something new as discovering something old—or rather, something timeless, something that already (sort of) existed, something that could have been found by someone else, at least in principle. Ambigrammia is thus neither fish nor fowl, in that it floats somewhere between creation and discovery.

Rob Henderson:

Throughout my experiences traveling along the class ladder, I made a discovery:

Luxury beliefs have, to a large extent, replaced luxury goods.  

Luxury beliefs are ideas and opinions that confer status on the upper class, while often inflicting costs on the lower classes.

In 1899, the economist and sociologist Thorstein Veblen published a book called The Theory of the Leisure Class.

Drawing on observations about social class in the late nineteenth century, Veblen’s key idea is that because we can’t be certain about the financial status of other people, a good way to size up their means is to see whether they can afford expensive goods and leisurely activities.

This explains why status symbols are so difficult to obtain and costly to purchase.

In Veblen’s day, people exhibited their status with delicate and restrictive clothing like tuxedos, top hats, and evening gowns, or by partaking in time-consuming activities like golf or beagling.

These goods and leisurely activities could only be purchased or performed by people who did not work as manual laborers and could spend their time and money learning something with no practical utility.

Veblen even goes so far as to say, “The chief use of servants is the evidence they afford of the master’s ability to pay.” For Veblen, butlers are status symbols, too.

John Gramlach:

Today, 43% of U.S. adults say the fact that sports betting is now legal in much of the country is a bad thing for society. That’s up from 34% in 2022. And 40% of adults now say it’s a bad thing for sports, up from 33%.

Despite these increasingly critical views of legal sports betting, many Americans continue to say it has neither a bad nor good impact on society and on sports. Fewer than one-in-five see positive impacts.

Despite these increasingly critical views of legal sports betting, many Americans continue to say it has neither a bad nor good impact on society and on sports. Fewer than one-in-five see positive impacts.

Joshua Chaffin:

While the mainstream Democratic Party’s popularity has sunk to a 30-year low, according to one poll, and its leadership appears uncertain of how to oppose Trump, the far left seems vigorous—particularly among the young. A recent survey by the Cato Institute and YouGov found that 62% of Americans ages 18 to 29 hold a “favorable view” of socialism—something that would have been unimaginable to Cold War generations.

Some are venturing even further left.

On a recent evening, 15 comrades from the Northwest Philadelphia cell of the Revolutionary Communists of America gathered for their weekly meeting in a classroom at Thomas Jefferson University.