School Information System – Curated Education Information

3,887 Madison 4 year old to third grade students scored lower than 75% of the students in the national comparison group.

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average k-12 tax & $pending. This despite our long term, disastrous reading results. May, 2026: 7,095 Staff for 25,003 students; $pending > $26k per student!

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic.

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

Natalie L. Marchant, Lise R. Lovland, Rebecca Jones, Alexa Pichet Binette, Julie Gonneaud, Eider M. Arenaza-Urquijo, Gael Chételat, Sylvia Villeneuve:

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

China’s PhD Glut Drives Top Graduates to High School Teaching Jobs

Searchers vs Blockers

Bill Gurley:

This is a topic that has been weighing heavily on my mind for over five years. I hope we can find a way for eveyone to move forward with “inquiry” as the true-north. For the best interest of the globe.

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more.

Repetitive negative thinking is associated with amyloid, tau, and cognitive decline

The Cognitive Debt hypothesis proposes that repetitive negative thinking (RNT), a modifiable process common to many psychological risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may itself increase risk. We sought to empirically examine relationships between RNT and markers of AD, compared with anxiety and depression symptoms.

Methods

Two hundred and ninety-two older adults with longitudinal cognitive assessments, including 113 with amyloid-positron emission tomography (PET) and tau-PET scans, from the PREVENT-AD cohort and 68 adults with amyloid-PET scans from the IMAP+ cohort were included. All participants completed RNT, anxiety, and depression questionnaires.

Why I Don’t Let My Students Play the Victim

Civics: Angela Merkel was the true extremist of our age

Matthew Syed:

Really? If extremism is defined as acting out of proportion with context, history or consent, I suggest Merkel’s tenure represented the high point of postwar European extremism. It was not just that she opened the door in 2015 to almost a million unvetted, largely male asylum seekers, but did so knowing perfectly well what the consequences would be. We know this because she alluded to many at the time of her (again, widely acclaimed) “Wir schaffen das” (“we can do this”) speech. She knew it would impose ruinous fiscal cost on the German people but she went ahead anyway, prioritising the projection of her own virtue above the interests of her voters. She knew it would add huge pressure to schools with tens of thousands of extra pupils needing German-as-second-language teaching in an already short-staffed system, not to mention adding huge tension to a tight housing market. She knew this would shaft her neighbours as migrants moved westwards, making a mockery of Schengen and adding to the drumbeat for Brexit. She must also have surely known there would be a spike in crime; rape and sexual assaults rose by 13 per cent in 2016 and asylum seekers were overrepresented sixfold in the numbers. On New Year’s Eve in 2015 more than 500 sexual offences were recorded in Cologne on a single night.

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Artificial Education

Jill Lepore:

This August, an MIT committee of faculty, students, and staff released a remarkably thoughtful report on “AI Use in Teaching, Learning, and Research Training.” Its many cautions included the warning that “as a community, what should worry us most is that many uses of AI deprive students of the opportunity to learn.”

By contrast, Harvard’s administration appears oblivious to such concerns — notoriously so. Harvard College Dean David J. Deming’s recent recommendation that student use of AI in writing-intensive classes should be not only accepted but encouraged, is only the most outrageous instance. This policy was, fittingly, the leading example cited in a Chronicle of Higher Education article titled “The Ivy League’s Surrender to AI Is Insane.”

Has Harvard indeed lost its mind? The comparison with the MIT report, set against a growing body of empirical research into the effects of generative AI on learning, is a good place to start answering that question.

While of course noting the astounding benefits of AI in many areas of academic research, the MIT report takes careful stock of the ways in which reliance on AI risks the abandonment of crucial educational experiences, including the problem set, the take-home exam, office hours, study groups, and undergraduate research opportunities. In the latter case, the committee found that instructors were considering outsourcing research assistance to AI instead of hiring undergraduates, presumably on the grounds of cost-savings and efficiency. The committee inquired, “But if those criteria come to dominate our decisions, we all have to ask, ‘What is it that we are here together to do?’”

College Is Coming Apart

Ian Bogost

Now two things that got packaged together as “college” have begun to unbundle and disperse. The coming-of-age experience—friendships, independence, experimentation—has become less obviously dependent on the campus surrounding it, partly because college’s monopoly on exposure to a wider world weakened. Globalization and the internet bring much of that world to students long before they arrive on campus. Other aspects of college life have been moving off campus too. College football has gone national, abandoning regional affinities and local rivalries. Greek rush has become an outsourced industry. Campuses are hospital systems, major local employers, and real-estate-investment operations as much as, or more than, they are schools.

Optimizing college for professional preparation also began to pull the two purposes apart, and eroded the unrepeatable social experience that college is supposed to provide. The economy demanded more of students outside the classroom—internships, networking, publications, volunteering. In a brutal job-search environment, where entry-level gigs seem to demand nepotism, luck, and 10 rounds of interviews, today’s undergraduates may feel that their older professors do not fully understand the gap between the delivery of the credential and the career it promises.

Then COVID-19 revealed that the credentialing process could continue if campus life was reduced or even eliminated entirely. Considerable controversy and confusion accompanied this moment; some students tried to sue expensive universities on the grounds that a closed campus was not worth the full-freight price. But in the end, credentialing proved entirely possible with a compromised or absent version of campus life.

Now AI has separated the two purposes of college almost entirely. Writing an essay previously required doing something resembling the assigned academic work. Because AI makes it possible to complete coursework without much or any intellectual labor, AI has disconnected the output from the process (if students choose the shortcut). Suffering through a term paper no longer inherently affords opportunities to take a break to get a late-night coffee with your fellow students, to commiserate with hallmates over a difficult professor, or to reach an unexpected realization while drunk at a house party. Social and academic progress are no longer woven together. No particular quantity of shared time or deliberation is required to carry out one inside the other.

The Choice We Keep Making

Ivan Johnson:

Still, that doesn’t stop people from trying to sell us the idea that it can. Every time a new technology shows up, the companies who stand to profit from it look at education and see a problem they can solve, because solving it would also make them economically successful, in a market worth a great deal of money. It’s really just Upton Sinclair’s old point. He wrote about efficiency being valued over humanity, looking hard at working conditions in the wake of the industrial revolution. He said it’s hard to get someone to see something clearly when their income depends on not seeing it. So the pitch comes fast, and every time, they tell us this one is different. It never is.

I have two stories from my own career where I chose the sales pitch over the people in the room who actually knew better, buying a company’s promise that a piece of technology would just make things better, and finding out that it didn’t. I think we’re about to make that same mistake with AI too.

Smart boards

If you don’t know what a smart board is, that’s because they were dumb. A smart board was a touchscreen panel mounted over a section of a classroom whiteboard, with a projector bolted above it throwing the image down. It ate up about seventy-five percent of your usable whiteboard space, and it worked maybe a quarter of the time.

At my last school, I went to a conference, got sold, and installed them in every classroom, over the objections of teachers who begged me not to take their whiteboard space away. The bill was over fifty thousand dollars. Within two years, almost every teacher in the building had quietly retreated to the small strip of real whiteboard they had left. I eventually took every one of them down and kept the projectors, which is, of course, what everyone eventually used in classrooms anyway: a whiteboard and a projector.

Much later in my career, I watched one of the most gifted middle school Waldorf science teachers draw by freehand in chalk a cell in more depth and more beauty than I had ever seen in a textbook or on a slide. It made me question whether I needed a projector in the room at all.

As Millions of Birds Migrate, Residents Are Asked to Turn Off the Lights

Ishani Desai:

Each species has its own migration pattern.

Some species, such as the dark-eyed junco, nest in Canada and then fly in the winter to the United States, Dr. Osterhaus said.

“These birds are really trying to maximize their survival and fitness,” he said.

Generally, the fall migration contains more birds because the summer’s breeding season has concluded, said Catherine Quayle, the communications director for the Wild Bird Fund, a nonprofit that rehabilitates injured or sickened birds and other animals.

Strategic plans are always a waste of time and resources

Dave Cieslewicz:

Because they are always written by committees they read like what committees write. They say nothing. And often at great length. Nobody ever looks at a strategic plan after it is finished. Employees hate these exercises because they see them for what they are and managers like them for the same reason. Because what they are are distractions. A strategic plan never deals with any real underlying concerns about a workplace and it never provides concrete clarity about the organization’s basic goal or an individual employee’s role in it.

The only people who benefit from these things are the consultants who churn them out, no doubt using boilerplate phrases recycled from client to client.

So, the only good thing you can say about the strategic plan coughed up by the Madison schools last month is that it is mercifully short, at only 11 pages of fog. Last month, the Madison school district revealed its five-year strategic plan, two years in the making. They essentially puffed up five clouds. Like all of these things, this plan is so vague as to be ephemeral. It’s a lot of nothing.

Here are the plan’s five guiding principles:

Future-ready student experiences.
Organizational alignment and improvement.
Professional excellence and talent development.
Culture of connectedness and well-being.
Family, community and industry partnerships.

This is what you get when you pay $240,000 to a consultant from North Carolina. If you have the slightest idea of what any of those word salads actually mean please write in below and educate us.

———-

Madison’s district, despite an elite university pipeline, hypereducated leadership, and a shiny, new strategic plan, suffers the same frailties as Milwaukee’s: basement performance, backbreaking spending. But while Milwaukee is pulling out of its tailspin due to courageous choices from the top, Madison is ponderously ambling to nowhere. Just ask the locals. “You need the marketing, and you need the product,” as a parent told a reporter. “I’m missing the product.”

2025-2026 Madison 4k-3rd grade Early Literacy Screener report: The bar moves faster than the kids.

Joe Gothard, Becky Kundert and Sonia Spencer Remarks on Madison’s K-12 Literacy Crisis.

2026-2027 Madison K-12 $pending continues to grow, fueled by a 9.7% (!) property tax increase. Total spending will be at least $706,000,000 for 25,003 students, or $28,236 per student.

May 2026 Madison School District Presentation: 7,095 adults for 25,003 students (3.52 students per adult!)

2024-2025 Early Literacy Screener Map.

Map: Foundations of Reading Results: 2015–2024

Where have all the students gone?

3,887 Madison 4 year old to third grade students scored lower than 75% of the students in the national comparison group.

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average k-12 tax & $pending. This despite our long term, disastrous reading results. May, 2026: 7,095 Staff for 25,003 students; $pending > $26k per student!

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic.

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

China’s PhD Glut Drives Top Graduates to High School Teaching Jobs

Is Academia Biased Against White Men? Putting identity above merit

Steve Stewart-Williams:

For years, we’ve been told that universities discriminate against women and racial minorities – and that White men are the chief beneficiaries of this biased system. A growing body of research suggests, however, that the reality is now closer to the reverse.

The latest example comes from a new paper by political scientist Scott Desposato. Desposato tracked more than 400 political science PhD students who entered the job market in 2023. His question was whether they’d secured a tenure-track assistant professorship by the following autumn.

Contrary to the conventional wisdom, female and underrepresented-minority candidates were considerably more likely to have done so than non-minority men. Was this because the former had better credentials? Apparently not; the disparity persisted even after statistically controlling for PhD-program rank, publication record, degree status, and academic subfield.

Based on Desposato’s findings, John Holbein on Twitter/X calculated the chances of four hypothetical individuals landing a position: a White man, a White woman, a minority man, and a minority woman. The candidates were identical in every respect, other than their sex and race. As shown in the graph below, the White man had around a one in four chance of getting the job, whereas everyone else had closer to a one in two chance.

How important was identity in determining who got hired? The answer seems to be “very.” Co-authoring a paper in the American Political Science Review – the discipline’s flagship journal – substantially increased a candidate’s chances of securing a position, just as you’d expect. But it didn’t increase their chances nearly as much as simply being female or an underrepresented minority. Only a solo-authored APSR paper was worth more on the job market than these demographic variables.

How Long Will the Great Student Swap Last?

Jeffrey Selingo:

For years, public universities have aggressively recruited out-of-state and international students, charging them higher tuition. But those pipelines may be drying up.

When prospective students visit the University of Alabama, they begin their tour at the Catherine and Pettus Randall Welcome Center, a gleaming white three-story Italianate-style structure with a stacked front porch. The building, which once housed a mental hospital and is on the National Register of Historic Places, opened up on campus in 2024. In the escalating contest for teen-age attention and allegiance, an admissions “welcome center”—with an auditorium for presentations to high-school students and their families and iconic spaces for Instagrammable moments—is now a must-have for universities. But Alabama’s might be the most extreme example.

Once inside, families are met with a mix between what one might find in a modern museum, and while waiting in line at Disney World to ride the Seven Dwarfs Mine Train. Floor-to-ceiling screens welcome visitors, displaying the individual names of prospective students in lights. As the visitors wend their way through the halls, toward the theatre where the admissions-information session takes place, they pass a series of carefully crafted photo and video exhibits highlighting various aspects of the university and the surrounding city of Tuscaloosa. The facility’s crown jewel is the Roll Tide Room, which is wrapped entirely in monitors playing clips from Alabama football games on a continuous loop.

The point of this is to persuade teen-agers from all over the country to choose Alabama. “You have to differentiate yourself at the front door,” Matt McLendon, who oversees the school’s undergraduate-enrollment operation, told me during a campus visit. “Not all undergraduates even here now were predisposed to consider us at first.”

For much of its history, Alabama, like other flagship institutions—that is, the best known public university in a given state—focussed on attracting students from within its own borders, competing in a ground game against nearby rivals, such as Auburn University. Over the past two decades, though, the University of Alabama has transformed its student body, increasing its share of new out-of-state undergraduates from just twenty-three per cent in 2002 to sixty-five per cent in 2022, according to recent data from the National Center for Education Statistics.

This trend is not confined to Alabama. The N.C.E.S also found that, in that same time span, the number of high-school graduates leaving their home state for a public university elsewhere has more than doubled. In 2002, about a quarter of the arriving undergraduates at the University of South Carolina came from outside the state; now roughly half of them do. In that same period, new out-of-state undergraduates at the University of Oregon increased from twenty-eight per cent to fifty-six per cent. At the University of Oklahoma, the number jumped from twenty-four per cent to forty-five per cent. The University of Wisconsin-Madison gradually raised its out-of-state enrollment cap and then totally eliminated it in 2015. Within six years, nearly half the first-year students on the Madison campus came from other states.

At the average flagship’s main campus, nearly four out of every ten undergraduates now come from another state. New Jersey kids go to Penn State instead of Rutgers; Illinois residents head off to the University of Missouri instead of the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. For students, going to college out of state is a chance to get away from home—and from their high-school classmates—or to experience what they perceive as “big college” life, such as Saturday tailgates and a thriving social scene centered on fraternities and sororities. But it’s the schools themselves that benefit most from this system, as they are able to charge much higher tuition for out-of-state students. Total costs for in-state students at Alabama run $34,600 this academic year; for out-of-state students, the list price is nearing sixty thousand dollars. Though the quality of the school’s football program cannot be denied, many of these students are coming from states such as Illinois, Georgia, and California, which are also known for big universities with prominent football teams, school spirit, and a vibrant Greek life. (Not to mention that at any big public university, you are still likely to encounter tens of thousands of new people who have never even heard of your high school, even if it’s in the same state.) In other words, these students are paying twice as much as they would otherwise—for a similar product.

High growth scores led to investigation into Arcadia test data

Rachel Mergen:

Suspiciously high English growth scores led state administrators to invalidate exam scores recorded by Arcadia Middle School during the 2025-26 school year.

The Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction began an investigation Aug. 7 after vendor Education Analytics reported a “very high value-added growth” score for the middle school’s seventh grade in English Language Arts.

The department provided a letter to the Daily News on Thursday that was originally sent Sept. 9 to Arcadia School District Superintendent Lori Frerk.

Fewer students, too many schools: Communities confront closures and consolidations

Robbie Sequeira:

Declining birth rates mean fewer students.

And that means more districts grappling with whether to close or merge schools.

“The big shrink” is how Marguerite Roza, director of Georgetown University’s Edunomics Lab, described what is happening nationally.

“When there are fewer young people, obviously it’s going to change the shape of public education,” Roza said. “As more and more schools are existing that are half empty, some downsizing needs to take place for them to live in their current financial structure, and districts are really loath to do that.”

Driven largely by declining birth rates but worsened by several other factors, district and school board decisions to close and consolidate schools can draw anger and anxiety from parents and students. Many states are stopping short of forcing mergers, but taking a variety of steps to encourage them.

The expiration of one-time federal pandemic relief funding has worsened the financial pressure on school districts, Roza said.

The COVID-19 pandemic also accelerated interest in homeschooling, virtual education and other alternatives to traditional public schools, according to Megan Bowen, high school director at the U.S. Career Institute, a Colorado-based online education provider.

And the immigration crackdown also may play a role. Before being elected and becoming House speaker in the Colorado legislature, Democratic state Rep. Julie McCluskie was a public school employee at Summit School District in one of the state’s rural resort towns. She told Stateline the reasons for the state’s yearly decline in public school students — and in her district — includes heightened immigration enforcement under the second Trump administration.

State college in Maine draws scrutiny from accreditor over fast online degrees

Todd Wallack

A public college known for letting students earn a bachelor’s degree in less than a year is drawing scrutiny from its accreditor about the quality of its online program.

Enrollment has skyrocketed at the University of Maine at Presque Isle, a small state school near the Canadian border, as word has spread that it offers fast, affordable degrees.

The school’s online YourPace program enrolled nearly 4,100 students during last academic year, a 30-fold increase since 2018. Administrators say most students can complete their degrees in under a year for less than $10,000 in tuition.

But that growth and reputation for speed have also led to an examination by the New England Commission of Higher Education.

New UT students can’t apply to ethnic, gender studies majors

Lily Kepner

But as of Wednesday night, UT’s new student application did not include a new Social and Cultural Analysis or American Studies majors. Applicants could select both Urban Studies and the Race Indigeneity and Migration majors, which are also offered in the social analysis department.

“Before you say the word, you should know what it means, what it requires”

Gerald Posner

Someone I’ve known for twenty years lives a couple of blocks away. I like him and run into him regularly in the neighborhood. He is not a partisan, he does not post about the Middle East, and he is not the sort of person who chants anything. The other day, he told me he respected my article in The Free Press, in which I said I’d leave my longtime publisher, Simon & Schuster, if it stood behind a virulently antisemitic Palestinian novelist. Then, out of the blue, he asked me a question in the tone people use when they already assume the answer.

“Do you think there’s a genocide in Gaza?”

No, I told him. By every metric that matters — legal, historical, statistical — there is not.

He looked at me the way you look at someone who has just told you the earth is flat. Then he explained why I was wrong. Netanyahu wants to eliminate the Palestinian people. Everybody knows that.

That was the whole of it. He did not cite a study or a court ruling, not even a casualty figure. Just a thing everybody knows. I have spent forty years as a reporter learning that “everybody knows” is where investigations begin, not where they end. I am also a lawyer by training, which means that when I look at the Genocide Convention, the tribunal judgments, and the legal threshold the word actually requires, I am not reading them as a journalist translating a foreign language. I know what the standard is, I know where it comes from, and I know how rarely — and how carefully — international courts have applied it.

Math students got A’s in high school, but can’t add fractions

Joanne Jacobs:

Lowering standards boosts graduation rates, he writes. “But if math gaps aren’t addressed early, catching up is harder and costlier, and students pay the price.”

“Among students designated as college-ready by their high school coursework, only 47.6 percent are projected to pass intermediate college algebra,” they write. “Consequently, colleges nationwide, including elite institutions such as Harvard University, have had to establish introductory and remedial math courses to close foundational algebraic skill gaps.^“

Among other things, the report recommends screening all students for math performance so those who need it can get extra help before they’re so far behind that it’s hopeless.

How American universities get around the DEI backlash

The Economist:

Schools are relabelling offices faster than they are cutting them.

Dropping politically charged terms from office and job titles can allow universities to retain staff and pursue the same goals while attracting less scrutiny. Jerry Cirino, sponsor of Senate Bill 1, which banned DEI programmes at public colleges and universities in Ohio, says he’s broadly pleased with compliance, but that “the practice is still going on, they’re just calling it something different.” Even some DEI advocates acknowledge this. “Some people have changed the language they use publicly, but the underlying work is very similarẠỊsays Emelyn dela Peña, president of the National Association of Diversity Officers in Higher Education.

The Economist obtained payroll records from several large state-university systems to measure the effect of the crackdown on staffing and salaries. These records cannot establish whether DEI work itself has been scaled back, only whether staffing costs have declined. The data show that spending on DEI staff is falling, not just in many Republican states but in several Democratic ones too. Yet the decline was modest-even at institutions that swiftly eliminated their DEI offices.

UW-Milwaukee could offer teachers a 3-year degree to help MPS teacher shortage

Corrinne Hess:

The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee is considering offering a three-year education degree to save their students money, while getting teachers into classrooms faster.

Chancellor Thomas Gibson said discussions are currently underway with the School of Education to move the reduced-credit degree forward, but there is not a definite timeline.

“We know there’s a great need not only here in the city, but across the state, to produce more teachers,” Gibson said during an interview with WPR on Friday, “I feel very optimistic that this is a program that we would be able to deliver and receive significant support for.”

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Foundations of Reading Results: UW-Milwaukee

NYC to Pay for Teacher’s Sex Abuse 57 Years Ago

Susan B. Edelman:

A Brooklyn jury has ordered the city Department of Education to pay $4.15 million to a 70-year-old man who said a teacher sexually assaulted him in a public school closet at age 13 — a betrayal he kept secret for nearly 57 years.

After a nine-day trial in August, the six-member Kings County panel found the city Department of Education 100% responsible for the abuse by failing to act on prior complaints that the same teacher —a “serial sexual predator” — had molested other boys.

“The school knew about the danger and failed to protect him,” said attorney Jeff Herman, whose law firmrepresents the survivor, Antonio Vargas.

Failing the Washington IQ Test

Secrets of OPM:

Take this simple IQ test: If you could invest $9.5 billion once and get back more than $40 billion every year, forever, would you make the investment? This is not a trick question. And it doesn’t take a rocket scientist (or Warren Buffett) to say “yes.” In fact, it’s a no-brainer. For those of you doing the math, that’s a 400+% annual return. Sign me up!

Yet Democrats in Congress failed the test, as did The New York Times, armed with a report from the Government Accountability Office that never even attempts the second half of the math. Why?

First, the facts.

The Trump Administration has reduced the total size of the federal government by roughly 270,000 employees since the beginning of the term. That’s a nearly 10 percent reduction. There are about 2 million employees still today, leaving the federal workforce at its smallest level since the 1960s.

In most organizations, headcount reductions come through restructuring: an across-the-board layoff of some fixed percentage or shutting down particular divisions. In the private sector, few legal rules govern severance, but employees generally receive one to two weeks per year of service.

The federal government is similar and different.

By law, federal employees are entitled to one week of severance per year of employment for their first 10 years and then two weeks for every year thereafter. There are caps and a modest age bump for employees over 40, but in general the government tracks the private sector.

Where the federal government differs is in the tools available to reduce headcount.

The legacy reduction-in-force procedures that were in place when the Trump Administration took office were overly complex and made it difficult for agencies to meaningfully reduce headcount in this way. Large-scale RIFs were subject to lengthy administrative and judicial appeal procedures that included three layers of review and often took years to complete. That is why fewer than 12,000 of the headcount reductions were executed through a RIF. We at the U.S. Office of Personnel Management have since revised these rules to make the process, including appeals, more efficient and to emphasize merit as the basis for determining RIFs. The old practice prioritized tenure.

Notes on Tech and the classroom

Jessica Winter:

This trajectory is embodied by Code.org’s most famous champion, Barack Obama. In 2013, Hadi Partovi, a co-founder of Code.org, persuaded the President to record a video to kick off Computer Science Education Week and the first Hour of Code. “Learning these skills isn’t just important for your future—it’s important for your country’s future,” Obama said in the video. The following year, Obama visited a high school in Newark to participate in an Hour of Code, where he donned a Code.org baseball cap and used a laptop decorated with a Code.org sticker. By 2025, however, Obama was opining that “unless you are really good—like, one of the top one per cent in terms of understanding how to code—you’re better off with a liberal-arts education.” Partovi, who is an alumnus of Microsoft, has remarked that A.I. has obviated much of the “busywork of computer science.” In June, his organization announced that it was “entering its next chapter,” and rebranded itself as CodeAI.

The nonprofit’s website currently features a list of top donors: Microsoft, Google, Amazon, the private-equity firm Vista, the Gates Foundation, and the Ballmer Group, the last of these named for another former Microsoft C.E.O. and centi-billionaire, Steve Ballmer. Each of these oligarchic fun houses has staked a significant share of its future wealth—and, together, the future of the global economy—on the rapid expansion of A.I. technology.

The coding missionaries of the twenty-tens made errors both practical and philosophical. They were wrong, obviously, about computer-programming skills as a guarantor of students’ future employment prospects. But that miscalculation was, itself, premised on the unexamined assumption that a K-12 public education should be essentially vocational and therefore—almost by definition—aligned with corporate interests. In 2021, David Banks, then the incoming chancellor of New York City Public Schools, gave a speech in which he lamented that the city’s schools were producing graduates who “don’t even have the skills to go into industry.” Teachers, he went on, were failing to address an urgent question: “What is it like to work at a place like a Google or a Microsoft?”

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Years ago, I asked three Madison k-12 Superintendent candidates if they preferred to hire the most capable teachers or whomever and tell them what to do. They answered with a mashup. Tech tools are, imho, a response to any number of real or perceived issues.

1901 Reader

Jeffrey Tucker:

The 4th Grade McGuffey’s Reader (1901 edition) is shockingly engaging. Every story and poem is amazing with a vocabulary far beyond most adults today. This poem alone blows up modern partisan political rhetoric.

Civics: “The massive infrastructure projects of the 1960s wouldn’t work today”

Ryan Christopher Jones

In addition to their technical and aesthetic mastery, the images express a sense of utopian optimism. The photos in this essay, all taken from 1962 to 1968, reflect a post-World War II confidence that grand infrastructure could tame and re-engineer where “nature” fell short. Big projects were utilitarian in their capacity to solve large-scale water resource problems, yet they also communicated that the nation — or in this case, a colossal state that essentially functions as a nation — was the hero to slay Western water scarcity. Like many such projects, it was intended to be witnessed and celebrated by citizens — a perpetual reminder that the state was working to solve its water problems. As anthropologist Brian Larkin put it, its visual grandeur serves “to rearrange the hierarchy of its functions so that the aesthetic dimension of infrastructure (rather than its technical one) is dominant.” Thus infrastructure at this scale does tremendous political work. These photos reflect the mid-20th century’s political philosophy, back when residents rallied behind the social spectacle of large public works projects more readily than they do today. With the recent removal of the Klamath dams and the ongoing push for more removals, the public is perhaps now more willing to celebrate water infrastructure’s elimination than its construction.

My Literacy Question to Renuka Mayadev & Jane McCormick; Wisconsin Assembly District 77 Fall 2026 Candidates

Happy Thursday, Renuka & Jane:

Thank you for running!

I write with a question. Note that 37% of Wisconsin 4k to 3rd graders scored below the 25th percentile, Madison did worst: 43.7%, despite spending $26K per student – now $28K. The data is from the 2024-2025 early literacy screener provided by Districts to the Wisconsin DPI. www.sedso.io/maps/wi/

How will you vote, if presented with legislation to overturn Wisconsin Act 20’s provision that?

“Wisconsin Act 20 requires school boards to have adopted a written policy specifying criteria for promotion from third to fourth grade by July 1, 2025. Then, beginning Sept. 1, 2027, a school board may not promote a third grader to fourth grade unless the student satisfies the criteria in that district’s policy.”

https://wisconsinwatch.org/2026/09/wisconsin-reading-improvement-school-literacy-reforms-education-opinion/

Overturning attempts to address our long term, disastrous literacy results is not a new political tactic: Observe our 1998 – 2026 literacy history:

www.sedso.io/history/

You’ll note DPI (Evers) mulligans and the attempt to delete the early literacy teacher content knowledge requirement.

Thank you for taking the time to respond and best wishes,

Jim

Jane McCormick’s response:

Hi Jim,
We are on the same page. I wholly support not advancing any child to the fourth grade who cannot read at grade level. Doing so sets that child up for failure in every single class moving forward. Being able to read at or above grade level must be the standard. And phonics is the gold standard and should never have been abandoned. Educators who are too focused on ‘feelings’ have sunk the futures of thousands of children. This is an abomination.

There is absolutely nothing wrong with a kid being held back. Many have done it voluntarily in my lifetime. It also can become an excellent motivator at that age to help a child become more serious about the importance of reading and its far reaching implications if they do not.

You have my 1000% support.

Thank you for reaching out on this very important subject. Anything I can do to support this cause is extremely important to me and what motivated me to run in the first place.

Best regards,
Jane

Jane McCormick
Republican Candidate for Assembly – 77th District

Jane for Dane AD 77
PO Box 5165
3310 Lake Mendota Dr.
Madison, WI 53705
jane@janefordane.com
www.janefordane.com
(608) 286-2291‬

Renuka Mayadev

No response as of Friday evening, 18 September 2026

Websites: Jane Renuka

If only Chicago Public Schools could be like District 65 in Evanston/Skokie

Chicago Tribune:

Meet Eric Witherspoon, the interim school superintendent of Evanston/Skokie School District 65. We only wish he were working for the Chicago Public Schools.

Witherspoon inherited a fiscal mess at the Evanston/Skokie school district, which overspent for years, created positions it could not afford to support and accumulated a hefty deficit even as it had to adjust for declining enrollment, meaning it was serving some 25% fewer students than was the case just eight years ago. The district also opened a new school, Foster School, that it didn’t really need but that the Black community in Evanston argued long had been promised to them.

The debate over the need for that school is moot. It’s open. Now Witherspoon has to sort out the finances.

So far, he is pulling no punches arguing that $20 million has to be excised from the District 65 budget.

His comprehensive plan, which he outlined at a public meeting of the school board on Monday, includes aligning staffing levels and compensation with peer districts (District 65 was out of whack), closing two under-enrolled schools, reducing “purchased services,” aggressively seeking efficiencies and seeking out new revenue opportunities. When faced with the inevitable opposition, especially since Witherspoon’s plan is building on prior cuts and budget reductions, he has pointed out that if these things are not done, District 65 simply will run out of cash. And then where will the district’s kids be?

Consider this quote from the board meeting, as reported in Evanston Now: “School districts cannot afford to operate buildings which are at 64% capacity.”

———

Madison is adding bricks and mortar amidst declining enrollment.

China’s PhD Glut Drives Top Graduates to High School Teaching Jobs

Zhang Can:

1. A growing number of doctoral graduates from elite global and domestic universities are bypassing traditional careers in academia to become secondary school teachers in China’s major cities, driven by an oversupplied labor market and fierce competition for university posts. [para. 1] At Shenzhen Middle School, all 21 prospective hires hold master’s degrees or higher, including five PhDs. [para. 2] These include a Tsinghua electrical engineering PhD teaching math, a Cambridge electrical engineering PhD teaching physics, a Fudan materials physics PhD for chemistry, and a University of Chinese Academy of Sciences PhD recruited as a math Olympiad coach. [para. 3]

2. The trend is not new for Shenzhen Middle School; a 2019 hiring list featured 20 graduates from Tsinghua and Peking University plus one from Harvard, following Principal Zhu Huawei’s 2017 push for world-class status. [para. 4][para. 5] Currently, the school employs more than 100 teachers with doctoral degrees, over 150 graduates from Tsinghua and Peking, and more than 100 alumni of top global institutions like Harvard, Oxford, and Cambridge. [para. 6] The phenomenon extends to tier-one and tier-two cities, as seen in 2021 when the Affiliated High School of South China Normal University hired nine PhDs or postdocs from top institutions, and in 2025 when Suzhou High School hired 10 Tsinghua/Peking graduates and eight with doctorates. [para. 7][para. 8][para. 9]

3. This shift has sparked public debate over perceived underemployment. Qi Yifan, a Tsinghua optical engineering PhD joining Tianjin No.1 High School, defended his decision on social media, stating that helping hundreds of students enter top universities could yield a greater societal contribution than working in an isolated research post. [para. 10][para. 11]

————

Madison’s district, despite an elite university pipeline, hypereducated leadership, and a shiny, new strategic plan, suffers the same frailties as Milwaukee’s: basement performance, backbreaking spending. But while Milwaukee is pulling out of its tailspin due to courageous choices from the top, Madison is ponderously ambling to nowhere. Just ask the locals. “You need the marketing, and you need the product,” as a parent told a reporter. “I’m missing the product.”

2025-2026 Madison 4k-3rd grade Early Literacy Screener report: The bar moves faster than the kids.

Joe Gothard, Becky Kundert and Sonia Spencer Remarks on Madison’s K-12 Literacy Crisis.

2026-2027 Madison K-12 $pending continues to grow, fueled by a 9.7% (!) property tax increase. Total spending will be at least $706,000,000 for 25,003 students, or $28,236 per student.

May 2026 Madison School District Presentation: 7,095 adults for 25,003 students (3.52 students per adult!)

2024-2025 Early Literacy Screener Map.

Map: Foundations of Reading Results: 2015–2024

Where have all the students gone?

3,887 Madison 4 year old to third grade students scored lower than 75% of the students in the national comparison group.

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average k-12 tax & $pending. This despite our long term, disastrous reading results. May, 2026: 7,095 Staff for 25,003 students; $pending > $26k per student!

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic.

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

Cindy Cohn, Bruce Schneier

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

China’s PhD Glut Drives Top Graduates to High School Teaching Jobs

History’s Most Ambitious Missionaries

By Their Own Compass:

Christian missionaries have regularly been at the forefront of travel adventurism over the last 500 years, sent by their churches to parts of the world few back home knew much about, and often at great personal risk.

And while they were regularly showing up in regions that hadn’t invited them and weren’t always receptive to what they were selling, their stories remain some of the most fascinating that history has to offer – particularly those of the missionaries who were more ambitious than most.

.In this episode, we take a closer look at the efforts of Matteo Ricci, the Jesuit priest who set out to convert China from the emperor on down; Mary Slessor, who tried to personally save as many Nigerian-born twins from infanticide as she possibly could; and Samson Occom, a Mohegan convert whose fundraising tour of England aimed to fund a school for training other Native Americans – a school better known today as Dartmouth College. Yes, that one. (But also this one. And this one, too.)

And yet their accounts of the places they visited didn’t just shift opinions back home or capture something significant about a moment in time – sometimes their efforts genuinely changed the lives of the people they encountered, and, just as often, ended up changing the missionaries themselves.

The Great Migration Remaking Higher Ed

The Freeman:

Americans have long expressed their political preferences at the ballot box and their economic preferences with moving vans. Increasingly, they are expressing a third preference—where their children attend college—and the destination looks remarkably like the other two.

In 2025, North Carolina gained more than 84,000 residents from other states, more than any state in the union. Texas added over 67,000. California lost more than 229,000, and New York lost nearly 138,000, continuing a migration that has by now acquired the character of a rout rather than a trend. Yet few have noticed that the same states drawing families and factories are drawing something else: students, and with them, the institutions built to educate them.

For most of the 20th century, the hierarchy of American public higher education was as fixed as the Electoral College map of a one-party era. Berkeley, Michigan, Wisconsin—these were the names invoked when a public university wished to be mentioned in the same breath as Harvard. They remain formidable.

But formidable is no longer synonymous with singular.

Consider what the Southeastern Conference, or SEC—an organization whose reputation was built on forward passes rather than research grants—has quietly assembled. Texas A&M enrolls more than 79,000 students, a figure that would have seemed a typographical error a generation ago (see here and here). The University of Florida enrolls roughly 56,000 (see here, here, and here). Collectively, SEC institutions now educate more than half a million students, with total enrollment around 620,000 (see here and here), a statistic that ought to interest university presidents in blue states rather more than it apparently does.

This is not the result of some coordinated Southern strategy hatched in a statehouse. Universities are lagging indicators of demography, not leading ones. States that attract families acquire, in due course, college students. States that generate jobs retain their graduates rather than exporting them, as Rust Belt states have exported so much else.

States that welcome capital acquire, eventually, the tax base with which to build ambitious public institutions. Ambition, it turns out, is portable. The family that leaves Illinois for Tennessee brings its expectations for its children along with the furniture, and both eventually find a permanent address in Knoxville or some other city in the Volunteer State.

“State-directed Capitalism” Is an Oxymoron

Don Boudreaux

Deirdre McCloskey proposes to replace the term “capitalism” with “innovism.” I agree with her that the former term, because of decades of ignorant propaganda – and because the essence of “captialism” isn’t capital, but entrepreneurial innovation – unfortunately conveys negative impressions to too many people. (For alerting me to the Barron’s piece I thank Steve Kaufman.)

Editor, Barron’s

Editor:

You describe Trump’s vision of the American economy as “state-directed capitalism” (“How a Trade Deal With Japan Could Change the Face of U.S. Energy,” September 16). Although the “state-directed” part is unfortunately accurate, the “capitalism” part is inaccurate if by “capitalism” is meant the innovative and competitive free-market process that alone is responsible for modernity’s prosperity.

Genuine capitalism, by its very nature, cannot be state-directed. It is driven by entrepreneurs and investors, in competition with each other, spending their own (and only their own) money to create goods and services to offer for sale to consumers who are unmolested in choosing how they spend their own (and only their own) money. The result is economic dynamism that incessantly improves the living standards of almost everyone.

What you call “state-directed capitalism” is categorically different. It’s politicians and bureaucrats, facing virtually no competition, spending other people’s money to produce goods and services that these same government officials decide ahead of time must, by hook or crook – through the use of the likes of tariffs, subsidies, and regulatory mandates – be purchased by consumers. The result is economic stagnation that improves the living standards only of politicians, their apparatchiks, and special-interest groups.

Raises without gains: Teachers’ salaries increased, but many don’t make a living wage

Katherine Bowser

But while teachers’ salaries grew over the last decade, their buying power shrank as pandemic-era inflation drove up the cost of living—making such milestones harder to afford. The median sale price for a new home, for example, rose from $280,400 to $429,000 between the 2014–15 and 2024–25 academic years.¹

In this District Trendline, using data drawn from NCTQ’s District Policy Pathfinder, we examine teacher salaries in 133 of the largest districts²in the United States. We find that teacher salary growth over the past 10 years looks a lot different after accounting for inflation, and that in some large districts, salaries fall short of what teachers need to meet basic living expenses.

The average starting salary of a new teacher rose by 33%

Figure 1 shows year-to-year trends in unadjusted salaries for beginning teachers across our sample. Between the 2014–15 and 2024–25 academic years, unadjusted salaries for new teachers rose 33% on average, growing just shy of 3% in an average year. The pace picked up more recently, with the average district in our sample raising starting pay by 4% in 2022–23 and 5% in 2023–24.

When students attend these colleges, taxpayers often pay. Here’s why

Cory Turner:

Five-hundred colleges and universities in the U.S. now share one alarming distinction: At least 40% of recent students who borrowed federal loans aren’t paying them back. That’s according to the latest federal nonpayment-rate data published by the U.S. Education Department.

The data looks at the roughly 17 million borrowers who entered repayment for the first time between January 2020 and May 2025.

“These numbers are really jaw-dropping,” says Eileen Connor, head of the Project on Predatory Student Lending, a nonprofit that advocates for borrowers and that reviewed the data.

At many schools, more than half of recent borrowers are at least three months late on their payments or have already passed nine months, which means they’re in default.

What’s going on?

One explanation is that pandemic-driven disruptions to the student loan system have left many borrowers feeling confused. But Lisa Collenbaugh’s story offers another possibility: Many of these troubled schools charge too much for too little — and aren’t being held accountable.

Collenbaugh enrolled in one school on the list, UEI College, more than a decade ago, agreeing to pay nearly $20,000 for a short-term training program to become a computer systems technician. But she says the program didn’t deliver the life-changing skills she had hoped for. “I thought that I was gonna actually be prepared for a career path and my life was gonna change because of that. And looking back, it’s like, ‘Oh, they got me.'”

25 Years of Mass Surveillance Is Enough

One of the many legacies of the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11 is the government-wide shift from targeted surveillance—such as individual wiretaps or pen register/trap and trace orders—to mass surveillance techniques—such as tapping into the internet backbone or mass collection of telephone or internet metadata. The legal and technical architecture of modern mass surveillance, initially framed as a necessary defense against terrorist threats, has grown far beyond that justification and national security in general. Mass surveillance is now a routine tool used by law enforcement. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) uses it in immigration actions and against people exercising their First Amendment rights to protest. It’s also increasingly part of private security systems, such as facial recognition at venues such as Madison Square Garden and networked Flock license plate capture systems on roads and in parking lots.

The interrelation between private and governmental mass surveillance is worth examining. Surveillance is the business model of the internet; companies like Google and Facebook constantly spyon their users’ behavior. From the National Security Agency (NSA) relying on data collected by telecommunication and internet companies, to local sheriffs and ICE agents relying on cellphone location data and privately managed automatic license plate readers, governments primarily obtain the mass surveillance information through private companies. Increasingly, access doesn’t just come through legal processes, either. FBI Director Kash Patel recently confirmed in congressional testimonythat the agency is purchasing information on Americans from data brokers and intends to continue to do so.

This pipeline from private collection to governmental collection means that as companies collect more information for surveillance capitalism purposes, more is available to law enforcement as well. And as the technology for mass surveillance and analysis improves, especially with the increased use of AI technologies, the problems attendant to mass surveillance grow as well.

The class of 2030, by the numbers

Adriana Petrizzo:

Over the last three weeks, the News’ Data Desk surveyed the class of 2030 to gauge their current views, experiences and expectations at Yale. The questionnaire was sent to 1,634 first years and received 517 total responses, representing about 31.6 percent of the class. The number of responses varies by question.

Scroll to read about first years’ high school extracurriculars, political views and more.

Background and identity

The majority of respondents are starting Yale at 18 years old — 80.4 percent — although 1 percent are beginning at 20 or older. Four percent took a gap year, and the most popular reason for doing so, at 33 percent, was to complete an internship or pursue specific interests.

The most popular state of residence is New York at 12.1 percent, followed by California at 10.3 percent and Texas at 8.2 percent. Among international students, the United Kingdom and Singapore are the most common countries of origin, at 1.4 percent and 1.2 percent of all responses, respectively. Overall, only 13.2 percent of respondents are from rural areas.

Twenty-nine percent of respondents identify as gay, lesbian, bisexual, pansexual, asexual, queer or questioning, with the largest percentage identifying bisexual, at 11.7 percent overall. Additionally, 1 percent identify as non-binary, 1.8 percent as genderqueer and 2.8 percent as transgender.

Most students — 56.8 percent — are not very religious or spiritual, and 19.5 percent identify as agnostic. The majority of students — 52 percent — speak more than one language.

Just over half of respondents — 54.1 percent — receive financial aid, and 10 percent overall expect to take out loans. Of those receiving aid, the greatest number of students receive full aid, at 20.9 percent of respondents, followed by 76 percent to 99 percent covered, at 15.2 percent of respondents. Most respondents — 94 percent — receive at least partial financial support from their parents, but 4.1 percent will be paying their way through Yale alone.

There are just about as many legacy students as there are first-generation students. Just under 5 percent of respondents have a relative currently attending Yale, and 17.1 percent have a relative that attended Yale in the past, with the most popular relative being a parent at 56.7 percent.

Of legacy respondents, 100 percent of those with relatives in Benjamin Franklin, Timothy Dwight and Pauli Murray colleges chose not to be placed into their relative’s college, while 100 percent of those with relatives in Branford and Pierson colleges chose to be placed into their relative’s college.

Civics: NH Chief Justice MacDonald announces resignation; ethics probe loomed

Todd Bookman:

New Hampshire Supreme Court Chief Justice Gordon MacDonald announced his resignation from the bench on Tuesday, effective immediately, after being accused of violating the state’s judicial code of conduct for his role in orchestrating a payout to a top ally last year.

MacDonald’s departure marks a sudden and stunning end to his five-year tenure leading New Hampshire’s judicial branch. The 64-year-old has been out on medical leave since late July, with no explanation provided for his absence.

In a resignation letter released Tuesday morning, MacDonald said, “I believe this is in the best interests of the New Hampshire Judicial Branch. I accept responsibility and accountability for my conduct.”

News of MacDonald’s resignation came simultaneously with an announcement from the New Hampshire Supreme Court that he had admitted to violating several sections of the state’s judicial code of conduct. The ethics probe centered on MacDonald’s handling of an unusual personnel maneuver last year in which Dianne Martin, a top judicial branch employee and longtime ally of MacDonald’s, was laid off and then immediately rehired into another position, allowing her to cash out nearly $50,000 in accrued benefits.

According to records released Tuesday, the state Judicial Conduct Committee — an independent panel of judges and lawyers that investigates allegations of wrongdoing by state judges — determined that MacDonald failed to “promote public confidence” in the judiciary, failed to perform his duties competently, and failed “to avoid favoritism with respect to the removal of Dianne Martin” from her position. Rather than challenge the committee’s ethics charges through a public trial, MacDonald chose to resign.

This is the case against AI doom. Pass it on

Eric S Raymond:

First we recaptulate standard x-risk argument: we build AI substantially smarter than humans → it becomes an autonomous optimizing agent → its goals are misaligned → instrumental convergence makes it seek power and resist correction → superintelligence lets it acquire decisive strategic advantage → humans lose control permanently.

Here are the main counterarguments:

Intelligence does not imply agency: A system can be extraordinarily capable at prediction, theorem proving, engineering, programming, etc. without having persistent goals, self-preservation drives, or an independent desire to act. Present LLMs are much more naturally described as systems that produce outputs in response to inputs than as organisms pursuing long-term objectives. Doomers incorrectly ascribe to them drive to replicate and seize resources because they’re smuggling in premises from observing biological systems.
Agency does not imply a single, stable utility function: Much alignment theory reasons about agents as expected-utility maximizers with coherent preferences. Actual AIs systems need not resemble that abstraction, and currently do not. They have context-dependent behavior, conflicting heuristics and corrigibility produced by training. Increasing competence doesn’t necessarily turn such a system into a paperclip-maximizing von Neumann–Morgenstern agent.
Capability and motivation are being conflated: Being able to formulate a plan for escaping a sandbox doesn’t entail wanting to escape it. Being able to manipulate humans doesn’t imply spontaneously deciding to do so. Critics argue that some doom scenarios slide from “an AI could do X if instructed” to “therefore a sufficiently capable AI will do X.” In present reality, AIs don’t do anything a human doesn’t tell them to do. This seems unlikely to change.
Recursive self-improvement doesn’t entail an intelligence explosion: “AI can improve AI” establishes a positive feedback loop, but positive feedback needn’t be explosive. Semiconductor design software already helps design better computers; compilers can compile better compilers. Feedback loops encounter diminishing returns and external bottlenecks.
Intelligence may have sharply diminishing returns: There may be no meaningful scalar quantity corresponding to arbitrarily large “general intelligence.” Even if there is, going from IQ-equivalent 150 to 1,500 need not produce the sort of qualitative advantage that separates humans from chimpanzees. Human dominance may depend heavily on language, accumulated culture, institutions and cooperation rather than merely individual cognitive horsepower.
Superintelligence isn’t omnipotence: Intelligence cannot repeal physics or eliminate uncertainty. A brilliant AI still needs processors, electricity, network access, money, factories, robots and people willing or tricked into doing things. The physical world has latency and friction. Recent criticism of biological-doom scenarios makes this point particularly clearly: designing a hypothetical pathogen digitally is very different from successfully producing and deploying one.
Humans retain numerous intervention points: The doom narrative sometimes jumps from “AI behaves dangerously” to “humanity is helpless.” In reality there may be many checkpoints: developers can notice anomalous behavior, revoke credentials, shut down servers, change architectures, restrict networks, regulate deployment, physically seize data centers, and learn from less-catastrophic failures. This has been formalized as the checkpoints-for-intervention argument.

Teacher School Board Feedback

Sara Oberle:

A local teacher spoke at last night’s board meeting and I’m cc’ing all teachers bc we all feel this:

———-

“which moved Student of the Marking Period off an administrator’s plate onto ours, weekly.

At the last faculty meeting we were asked to post objectives and write success criteria for every single lesson, in kid-friendly language, which is not part of the DTGSS Framework. We were told to enter extensive iReady math and ELA data into a grade-level spreadsheet. Data already visible in iReady. Staff are entering it a second time, by hand. Words Their Way too, which is already in DSC.

Nothing came off our plates. Not one thing. And not one minute was added to the day to do any of it.

You bought a reading curriculum before the pilot was half over. You didn’t trial anything against it. That’s not a pilot – that’s a purchase with a word in front of it.

And now we’re teaching a program that takes hours of planning to deliver well. Hours that do not exist. The presenters at yesterday’s PD confirmed that to me themselves.

You tell us to build relationships with our kids. You never asked what it would do for this district if you built one with us. You fill every minute of our day, then give us PD on relationship-building – to teach us something your best teachers were already doing before you got here.

And when you do ask us – survey, committee, this podium – most of us have stopped believing it changes anything. The decision’s already made. You’re checking a box. You do what you were going to do and count on nobody saying anything.

Some of us have students who beat the district proficiency rate by three and four times, every year.

Not one person has ever asked us how. Instead we’re told that telling kids we want them to hit a stretch target motivates them to hit it. Spend a day doing what we do and you’d hear how that sounds.”

———

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results

Stewart Mandel, David Ubben, Sam Khan Jr.:

Monitoring the Monitors

Civlab:

Our agents monitor official sources to track every appointment, departure, and structural change in the graph.

Does your college football roster cost $8M or $50M? Here’s our report on 68 teams

College football’s most carefully guarded secret is the amount of money flowing to the players on each roster. The financial resources a program allocates to build its team each offseason dictate fair expectations for the next season, but precise figures are hard to come by.

This summer, The Athletic’s college football staff tried to find them.

Wisconsin funds its schools unlike any other state. Is it time to rewrite the state’s funding formula?

AJ. Bayatpour

No other state funds its K-12 schools the way Wisconsin does, and there’s hope an influx of new faces at the state Capitol in January will lead to a new funding formula.

Currently, Wisconsin’s school funding system is a combination of several different aid sources. The base is revenue limits introduced in 1993, which are the combined totals of state aid and local property taxes each school district is allowed to spend.

“It wasn’t based on need or property wealth or how responsible a district was being,” Quinton Klabon, senior research director with the conservative Institute for Reforming Government, said. “It’s just kind of random and lopsided.”

There has been bipartisan concern over the school funding formula but not consensus on what should replace it. Democratic Gov. Tony Evers told CBS 58 last week during an interview in De Pere the formula is very confusing, which creates challenges in trying to address it.

———

One proposed new formula

Klabon has proposed a simplified formula. Each district would receive $14,000 per student without exception. On top of that, districts would get an additional $3,000 per student who qualifies for the free and reduced lunch program.

The state would cover 50% of districts’ special education costs, which would be an increase from the 42% reimbursement rate currently in place. There would also be a 0.7% maximum property tax rate.

Using a sports analogy, Klabon said it would be similar to instituting both a salary cap and a salary floor.

_______

———-

Madison’s district, despite an elite university pipeline, hypereducated leadership, and a shiny, new strategic plan, suffers the same frailties as Milwaukee’s: basement performance, backbreaking spending. But while Milwaukee is pulling out of its tailspin due to courageous choices from the top, Madison is ponderously ambling to nowhere. Just ask the locals. “You need the marketing, and you need the product,” as a parent told a reporter. “I’m missing the product.”

2025-2026 Madison 4k-3rd grade Early Literacy Screener report: The bar moves faster than the kids.

Joe Gothard, Becky Kundert and Sonia Spencer Remarks on Madison’s K-12 Literacy Crisis.

2026-2027 Madison K-12 $pending continues to grow, fueled by a 9.7% (!) property tax increase. Total spending will be at least $706,000,000 for 25,003 students, or $28,236 per student.

May 2026 Madison School District Presentation: 7,095 adults for 25,003 students (3.52 students per adult!)

2024-2025 Early Literacy Screener Map.

Map: Foundations of Reading Results: 2015–2024

Where have all the students gone?

3,887 Madison 4 year old to third grade students scored lower than 75% of the students in the national comparison group.

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average k-12 tax & $pending. This despite our long term, disastrous reading results. May, 2026: 7,095 Staff for 25,003 students; $pending > $26k per student!

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic.

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

This California Educational Juggernaut Doesn’t Need the SAT

Miriam Pawel:

When the University of California eliminated the SAT requirement for admission in 2021, U.C.L.A. saw a significant jump in applications from high-achieving Black and Latino students, for whom the standardized tests had been a barrier. “We are enrolling one of the most academically accomplished and diverse classes in our history,” the admissions director wrote. Since then, applications have risen at all nine undergraduate campuses, the most prestigious have become increasingly selective, and the university retains and graduates students at record rates.

Yet just five years later, the University of California is embroiled again in a very public battle over whether to reinstate the SAT. Faculty, whose 2020 recommendation to retain the test was overruled, have led the charge. In a widely circulated letter and opinion piece (both edited with the help of artificial intelligence), a math professor who organized the campaign blamed the test-blind admissions policy for a troubling increase in undergraduates who lack basic skills.

Math literacy is a real issue, not only in California, and not only since the elimination of the SAT for admissions. The argument that reinstituting the standardized test will rectify the math crisis, however, obscures a more fundamental debate over the mission of this elite public university and the longstanding tension between its twin goals of excellence and access.

The University of California is an educational juggernaut that has helped propel the state to its status as the world’s fourth-largest economy. It has arguably made its most important contribution not in Nobel Prizes, patents and scientific breakthroughs but in the lives of those not born into privilege. At a time of obscene wealth and inequality, that role has never been more important. The SAT fight is a proxy for a far more complex challenge: the university’s responsibility to remain true to its founding mission, crucial if the Golden State is to maintain its reputation as a land of opportunity and dreams.

The “Children Are Sponges” Idea Is Harmful to Kids

Maryellen MacDonald:

Do you know about baby sea squirts? These little marine creatures begin life actively swimming around, searching the ocean floor for a good home. When they find their spot, each sea squirt glues itself down and never moves again. Because it no longer needs to be active, it doesn’t need its brain anymore, so it eats it.

Even though mature sea squirts are brainless, they can teach us a big lesson: Brain health requires being active. This lesson is especially relevant for parents and educators, because there are a lot of forces these days that keep kids passive. Media messages don’t help. The internet has over 26 million websites comparing babies and young children to another sedentary marine organism: sponges. Psychologists, pediatricians, and educators are using the kids = sponges comparison to convey that kids are rapid learners who soak up information. That’s true, but the sponge metaphor is a terrible way to get that message across. It implies that babies and children are passive, just absorbing up what goes on around them, like sponges. That idea is not only wrong; it’s harmful.

Don’t Dig There

Sydney Gladu:

Lots of people don’t want us to tell this story. Today we released the trailer.

Some of the pushback was expected. Administrators and educators from Centennial High School were largely unwilling to revisit the past. Katy and I have both been hung up on more times than we can count. I have sent dozens of emails that will never get a reply. One administrator told Katy, “Why don’t you look into a more recent story? Didn’t this happen 20 years ago?” Another administrator said, “I’d prefer to not go down that road.” One teacher you’ll hear about this season told me in an email, “This is not Watergate,” and declined to answer any questions about his alleged behavior. I expected that.

even some people who have nothing to do with this story weren’t sure about our excavation of it. I remember the first time a peer asked, “Is this really a good idea to report on, given everything public school teachers in the U.S. are facing right now?” My blood boiled. I tried to imagine this person saying that directly to a survivor: “Are you sure what you endured is worth putting more burden on educators?”

The implication is clear: their story isn’t worth the trouble. But that tacit tolerance is exactly the problem. It’s the narrative many survivors ruminate on as they stay silent for years. “Just move on … it’s not worth dredging up the past …” And yet, every year there continue to be stories about educator sexual misconduct, in all 50 states, at all grade levels.

The latest data from experts in the field says 17% of students will be the target of educator sexual misconduct during their K-12 education. That’s nearly one in five. And studies show nearly 89% of teachers wouldn’t report suspected abuse by another educator.

That’s not only a failure of individual educators. That’s a failure of the system. The system didn’t make it easy for teachers to recognize or report abuse 20 years ago. And it doesn’t make it easy now.

Faculty Hiring Has Problems. That’s Nothing New.

Dean Saitta:

When it comes to theories of institutional neutrality and free expression, two of the pillars of the “Chicago Trifecta” — the 1967 Kalven Report and the 2014 Chicago Principles — are well known. But the third, the so-called Shils Report (named after its primary author, the sociologist Edward Shils), has been given much less attention in recent years. That’s too bad, because the report’s recommendations are especially germane in the current moment of disciplinary self-reflection and soul-searching.

The Shils Report was originally published as “Report of the Committee on the Criteria of Academic Appointment” in The University of Chicago Record in December 1970. Edward Shils chaired the committee. The report emphasizes the university’s primary function to generate and disseminate knowledge, and the singular importance of merit and accomplishment as criteria for hiring, promotion, and tenure. It stresses the need for uniformity and equity in making such decisions. It alerts hiring committees to the dangers of “narrowing the range of intellectual interests” within academic departments, since this threatens the well-rounded training of students. And it champions excellence in teaching and embraces a variety of considerations for its evaluation.

The most immediate provocation for the Shils Report appears to have been the controversy surrounding the nonrenewal of a contract for an assistant professor named Marlene Dixon on January 7, 1969. Dixon taught in the sociology department at Chicago, which was also home to Shils. Dixon, a feminist and Marxist, was a very popular professor whose work was seen by students as being relevant to the times. Her dismissal prompted great student outrage. They saw her dismissal as politically motivated and demanded that her contract be renewed.

The students almost certainly used the Dixon dismissal as an opportunity to protest other 1960s causes such as America’s involvement in the Vietnam War, the lack of women on the Chicago faculty, the university’s Kalven Report-justified reluctance to engage with social-justice issues, and increasing gentrification of the institution’s Hyde Park neighborhood. Significantly, they also wanted more student say in the appointment and retention of professors. In fact, they made this their second great demand, alongside Dixon’s reappointment. These two demands were presented to President Edward H. Levi on January 17, 1969.

What Good Readers Know

Robert Pondiscio

My students and I learned this lesson the hard way. When I became a fifth-grade teacher in a low-performing South Bronx elementary school more than 20 years ago, I walked in not understanding what struggling readers looked like. More than four in five of my students had failed the previous year’s state reading test; with minimal training and no experience, I expected to encounter children who were hard-pressed to read the words on the page.

Instead, in five years at PS 277, the lowest-performing school in New York City’s lowest-performing community school district, I never had a student who could not decode. Some read more fluently than others, certainly.³ But they could read the words. What they struggled to do was understand them. “I read it, but I didn’t get it” was a common refrain I heard again and again.

The distinction matters because reading is actually two different things that we routinely conflate. The first is decoding: turning the squiggles on a page into sounds and words. Decoding is a skill and a transferable one. We can agree on the pronunciation of made-up words like rigfap and churbit because once you understand the relationship between letters and sounds, you can apply that knowledge automatically even to invented nonsense words you’ve never seen before or memorized.

But reading comprehension is different. It’s inseparable from vocabulary and background knowledge. We tend not to notice this because when we read about familiar subjects, the knowledge we bring to the text does its work invisibly. Consider this sentence:

Legislation proposes screen-free Wisconsin classrooms until 3rd grade

Corrinne Hess:

Last fall, Wisconsin became the 36th state to limit cell phones in schools with bipartisan support. Now, a Republican lawmaker plans to introduce legislation that would create screen-free classrooms through second grade.

State Rep. David Steffen, R-Howard, says research shows young children have the least to gain and the most to lose from spending time on screens.

“My hope is that we can provide a better environment for learning for our students across the state,” Steffen said. “And one of the ways the research has shown, and teachers and parents have asked for, is to eliminate laptops and tablets for our youngest learners.”

Internet Shocked: Unsolved Problem by Fields Medalist Breached by Two High School Students with AI

Marsbit

In a remarkable breakthrough, two high school students from Oak Park High School, Aayush Bathija and Prince Rohatgi, with guidance from UCLA postdoctoral researcher Daniel Soskin, have solved an open problem related to the theory of Lorentzian polynomials—a field pioneered by Fields Medalist June Huh. Their 75-page paper, “Bounded Ratios for Lorentzian Polynomials,” is now available on arXiv. The research investigates the constraints on coefficient ratios within Lorentzian polynomials, extending prior work that characterized bounded ratios for quadratic polynomials to polynomials of arbitrary degree. The core challenge was determining which coefficient ratios have a universal upper bound across all polynomials in the class and identifying the optimal bounds. The students heavily utilized AI assistants, specifically Claude Opus 5 and GPT-5.6 Sol, for computational exploration, proof idea generation, and editing. They emphasize that while AI provided helpful suggestions, some were misleading, and all calculations and arguments were independently verified. This achievement is particularly notable as it follows a recent open letter signed by 25 Fields Medalists, including June Huh, expressing concerns about AI’s impact on mathematical rigor. The students’ work demonstrates how AI can lower barriers to entry, enabling talented pre-university researchers to engage with advanced mathematical frontiers.

Chicago Private Schools Discriminated for Years to Further DEI and Now the IRS Wants Its Money Back

JD Busch:

The Latin School of Chicago, Francis Parker, Shipley, and thousands of other National Association of Independent Schools (NAIS) members could lose their non-profit status

The trade association that writes the DEI playbook for Latin, Parker, Shipley, and hundreds of other private schools just told its members, in writing, that they are probably breaking the law, and that the schools, not NAIS, are the ones facing liability. In a document obtained exclusively by Chicago Contrarian, NAIS warned its members that the bill for its DEI recommendations — actually, its requirements for remaining a member in good standing — is coming due. Specifically, the schools, not NAIS itself, will pay the price unless they stop discriminating on the basis of DEI and “Belonging and Connection,” among other catch phrases for treating different racial and ethnic groups “equitably” rather than equally whether in the classroom or on the payroll.

Wisconsin has tried to improve reading for decades. Will this time be different?

After years of stalled literacy efforts, Wisconsin’s latest reading law offers a fresh test of whether schools, policymakers and the public can stick with reform, Jim Zellmer writes:

In 1998, the Madison School Board adopted an important academic goal: “that all students complete the 3rd grade able to read at or beyond grade level.”

Flash forward 28 years to a July 29 Rotary Club event. Madison Superintendent Joe Gothard highlighted recent improvements in literacy in district schools. But he pointed out that proficiency rates still hovered around just 40% at the elementary, middle and high schools he listed.

“We should not be sitting in a place where we can say 60% of our students are not proficient at their grade level in reading,” Rebecca Kundert, the district’s senior executive director of curriculum and instruction, said in follow-up remarks.

“But if the College Board has answers to these concerns, I couldn’t get them”

Neetu Arnold:

In my outreach, the organization sidestepped key questions about the changes to its scoring methodology. And often when it provided information in response to one question, the answer introduced more inconsistencies and unresolved tensions.

Some background: In 2022, the College Board began changing its scoring methodology for nine subject exams. Prior to the change, the board typically reevaluated its scoring methodology every 5 to 10 years at the direction of a small panel of experts per subject. But the board said that this method sometimes led to volatility in passing rates from one year to another. So, it switched to a system called Evidence-Based Standard Setting (EBSS). Under EBSS, the College Board relies on feedback from hundreds of college professors and more granular student data.

Prior to the implementation of EBSS, all the affected exams had passing rates below 60 percent, according to the College Board. After implementing EBSS, all of these exams had passing rates between 60 to 80 percent, which the board calls a “success rate historically achieved in most other AP subjects.”

——-

Verona teacher charged with sex assault of student is fired

Chris Rickert:

A Verona teacher charged earlier this month with carrying on a sexual relationship with a former student has been fired, the Verona School District said on Wednesday.

Halla Nelson had been a music teacher at Badger Ridge Middle School and Core Knowledge Charter School. She was placed on unpaid leave on Aug. 31, a day after allegations surfaced that she’d had sex several times with a then-17-year-old male student in 2019.

On Sept. 9, she was charged in Dane County Circuit Court with felony sex assault of a student by school staff.

In a letter Wednesday to school district families, Superintendent Tremayne Clardy and school board President Jen Murphy say the District’s internal investigation into Nelson is complete and “based on the evidence reviewed, the (district) Board of Education concluded that the employment allegations against Ms. Nelson were substantiated and they violated (district) policy.

Why Pedagogy ‘Experts’ Are Wrong

Paul Schofield

Imagine an unassuming medium-sized college, dotted with red brick buildings, situated at the outskirts of a small American town. It is staffed with an earnest and devoted faculty, committed to providing students with an education that will equip them to flourish both as citizens and as human beings. Its teachers belong to departments organized by discipline, within which curricular decisions are made collectively and pedagogical challenges are addressed together. They are imperfect, of course, and often disagree among themselves. Nevertheless, together they possess the kind of practical wisdom that comes with years spent in their specific disciplines, educating students.

Blue states with strong teachers’ unions have lower student literacy levels: study shows

Alex Oliveira:

Blue states with strong teachers’ unions overwhelmingly have worse student literacy scores than Republican states where educators don’t have as much say over policy, a shocking new analysis found.

At least eight of the ten states where students had the worst literacy scores were liberal strongholds with politically powerful teachers’ unions, while just five were Republican and one was a swing state, a recent assessment from the Progressive Policy Institute (PPI) found.

New York — where more than half of third- to fifth grade students failed their reading proficiency exams this year — was among the worst-performing states, and also had some of the strongest teachers’ unions.

——-

Madison’s district, despite an elite university pipeline, hypereducated leadership, and a shiny, new strategic plan, suffers the same frailties as Milwaukee’s: basement performance, backbreaking spending. But while Milwaukee is pulling out of its tailspin due to courageous choices from the top, Madison is ponderously ambling to nowhere. Just ask the locals. “You need the marketing, and you need the product,” as a parent told a reporter. “I’m missing the product.”

2025-2026 Madison 4k-3rd grade Early Literacy Screener report: The bar moves faster than the kids.

Joe Gothard, Becky Kundert and Sonia Spencer Remarks on Madison’s K-12 Literacy Crisis.

2026-2027 Madison K-12 $pending continues to grow, fueled by a 9.7% (!) property tax increase. Total spending will be at least $706,000,000 for 25,003 students, or $28,236 per student.

May 2026 Madison School District Presentation: 7,095 adults for 25,003 students (3.52 students per adult!)

2024-2025 Early Literacy Screener Map.

Map: Foundations of Reading Results: 2015–2024

Where have all the students gone?

3,887 Madison 4 year old to third grade students scored lower than 75% of the students in the national comparison group.

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average k-12 tax & $pending. This despite our long term, disastrous reading results. May, 2026: 7,095 Staff for 25,003 students; $pending > $26k per student!

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic.

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

NYC regent on academic rigor

Saying the quiet part out loud, this NYC regent claims that asking a black high school student to have basic competence in reading and math is like “asking a fish to climb a tree” https://t.co/Img9dFcZEF

— Diane Yap (@RealDianeYap) September 15, 2026

Lowering the Bar, Passing the Buck

Chad Aldeman:

By the time new students arrive at Rutgers-New Brunswick, they have likely spent years in New Jersey public schools. And yet, too many of them still aren’t ready for college- level math, which costs them time and money and can make it harder to earn a degree and launch a career.

The burden of addressing those math gaps falls on the state’s higher education institutions, including Rutgers, the state’s flagship. Worse, by lowering the bar for what it takes to graduate high school, state policymakers have played a role in making those preparation gaps even wider. While this report focuses on the effects on Rutgers students and faculty, a more useful question for state policymakers is why so many students are arriving underprepared at the doors of the state’s public colleges and universities.

State leaders congratulate themselves on rising high school graduation rates, which reached a record high last year of 91.8%.

But this stat is obscuring the fact that New Jersey, like some other states, has diminished what it means to earn a diploma. Over the past decade, New Jersey has steadily expanded the ways students can satisfy their high school math requirement. On the 11th-grade New Jersey Graduation Proficiency Assessment (“NJGPA”), only 58.5% of students were deemed “graduation ready” in math in 2025.

The difference between these achievement levels —a graduation rate of nearly 92% versus a math proficiency rate under 60% — is due to the state’s introduction of alternative graduation pathways.

———

UW-Madison relies on big donors to help pay for major projects

Annika Bereny:

Over the past decade, UW-Madison has repeatedly turned to its alumni network to fund major projects like Morgridge Hall, which opened its doors a year ago, and Irving and Dorothy Levy Hall, set to open this month.

The $267 million Morgridge Hall was funded entirely by donors, including $140 million from its namesakes, John and Tashia Morgridge. The building at 1205 University Ave. is home to UW-Madison’s new College of Computing and Artificial Intelligence.

A few blocks east, the $115 million Irving and Dorothy Levy Hall was partially funded by donors, including $20 million from alumni Marvin and Jeffrey Levy. The building at 930 W. Johnson St. serves students and faculty in the humanities disciplines.

The Levys, the Morgridges and alum Bjorn Borgen also provided a combined $120 million in donations for the $420 million Phillip A. Levy Engineering Center at 1430 Engineering Drive, which seeks to increase the capacity of UW-Madison’s engineering school and draw more students. In 2023, Republican legislators withheld funding for the building and then reversed that decision as part of a deal over DEI programming.

Sun Prairie schools’ new leader wants to turn the page after scandal

Erin Gretzinger

“Although we had some negative stories, that did not tell the story that was going on in everybody’s school throughout the school year,” Reed said in an interview. “And that is the kind of space I wanted to be at.”

Brad Saron, the superintendent since 2015, left the districtat the end of last school year. As the district’s new leader, Reed said school officials can’t be “naive” that bad things may be happening, and he is confident the district has enacted adequate changes.

Reed said he wants to home in on the future of the district and concentrate on other challenges, including inadequate state funding, losing students to nearby charter and private schools, and gaps in student achievement.

“I have shied away from continuously speaking on something that’s happened prior to July 1st (his start date) to give my staff an understanding and feel for what it looks like to work on a new environment and a new team,” he said. “I think I have pushed where we’re going — not where we’ve been — as a district norm.”

Reed’s path into education started as a football and track coach at the high school he attended in Chicago. A mentor at the school encouraged him to go into teaching, and he worked his way up the ranks to become assistant principal of the school.

Reed went on to lead other schools across the Midwest, including West Milwaukee Central High School. He most recently worked as an assistant superintendent of Rockford Public Schools in Illinois.

Reed was named one of three finalists for the Sun Prairie superintendent job earlier this year. The school district said it held more than 60 focus groups with over 130 participants and reviewed survey responses from more than 1,300 individuals in its superintendent search.

A beginning for mathematics

Daniel Litt

Three years ago, AI systems could not reliably add two numbers. A year ago, internal models at OpenAI and DeepMind received the equivalent of a gold-medal score on the IMO. Now, these systems are autonomously resolving major open questions. It’s hard to imagine this trend continuing for another year, but I expect it will. It is clear that this will require a radical rethinking of our profession.

A few weeks ago, I gave a talk titled The End of Mathematics. If you only read the title¹, you might guess that this talk was about how, soon, AI will “solve” math. That’s not what it was about. The talk instead laid out a gloomy vision of the future, in which, despite the possibility of AI systems that are robustly superhuman at mathematics, the design of our institutions causes human understanding of mathematics, and possibly even mathematical progress in the abstract, to stall. I think we will avoid this future, but I also think it is plausibly the default if academic mathematics does not adapt. Despite my relative enthusiasm for the use of AI to do mathematics, I share this view with many of its detractors.

Here I want to lay out, instead, a positive vision of the future of mathematics, and the human practice of mathematics. I claim we can deepen human understanding even as the production of interesting mathematics becomes less dependent on it.

This essay will take as a premise that AI systems that are robustly superhuman at most or all aspects of mathematics will be here soon. But the concrete changes to our institutions I propose only require accepting the weaker premise that the production of mathematical text is becoming increasingly disconnected from mathematical understanding.

What are we even trying to do here?

I think it has now become clear that there is no consensus in the mathematical community as to what our goals are. Some of us want to solve problems; some of us think of mathematics as play or as poetry. For some: “Wir müssen wissen wir werden wissen.”² Some of us think we are penetrating the mysteries of the platonic realm. Some of us think the goal is to embody love of and understanding of mathematics,³ and to transmit that love and understanding to the next generation.

The Mountain School

Roshan Fernandez

His daughter, Estela Whitney, was tasked with feeding food scraps to the piglets and refilling their water. Once, she was hours late and the pigs were hungry. “I’m going to be a lot more careful to not make that mistake again,” she said.

She hopes attending the Mountain School, which draws high-achieving students from around the country, will help distinguish her college applications. The curriculum includes rigorous academic options, like AP Calculus, in addition to practical and outdoorsy courses, such as “creative handiwork” and environmental science.

“I have good enough grades to get into a good college, but I want something that’ll make me stand out,” she said. She lives in Buenos Aires but wants to attend college in the U.S.

On the Mountain School’s Instagram account, tucked between photos showing students hiking and tending to lambs, is a post highlighting recent attendees’ acceptances to Harvard, Brown, Dartmouth and UC Berkeley, among other colleges.

Yes, Children Really Are Getting Dumber

Allysia Finley

Between 2018 and 2025, reading performance fell in some three-fourths of countries. U.S. math and reading scores fell by the equivalent of three-quarters of a year of learning and trailed China, Singapore, Japan, South Korea, the U.K., Canada and Australia.

“Most troubling is the decline in the very skills that matter most in the AI age: evaluating information, making connections across multiple sources, and thinking critically about what we read,” the report notes. “The instances of ‘hasty reading’—in which students read quickly but inaccurately—nearly doubled to 9% between 2018 and 2025.”

Adults may be equally guilty of hasty reading, judging by emails that this writer receives. Could Pavlovian ping alerts be fueling a collective attention deficit disorder?

——-

Madison’s district, despite an elite university pipeline, hypereducated leadership, and a shiny, new strategic plan, suffers the same frailties as Milwaukee’s: basement performance, backbreaking spending. But while Milwaukee is pulling out of its tailspin due to courageous choices from the top, Madison is ponderously ambling to nowhere. Just ask the locals. “You need the marketing, and you need the product,” as a parent told a reporter. “I’m missing the product.”

2025-2026 Madison 4k-3rd grade Early Literacy Screener report: The bar moves faster than the kids.

Joe Gothard, Becky Kundert and Sonia Spencer Remarks on Madison’s K-12 Literacy Crisis.

2026-2027 Madison K-12 $pending continues to grow, fueled by a 9.7% (!) property tax increase. Total spending will be at least $706,000,000 for 25,003 students, or $28,236 per student.

May 2026 Madison School District Presentation: 7,095 adults for 25,003 students (3.52 students per adult!)

2024-2025 Early Literacy Screener Map.

Map: Foundations of Reading Results: 2015–2024

Where have all the students gone?

3,887 Madison 4 year old to third grade students scored lower than 75% of the students in the national comparison group.

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average k-12 tax & $pending. This despite our long term, disastrous reading results. May, 2026: 7,095 Staff for 25,003 students; $pending > $26k per student!

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic.

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

Barbara Biasi, Chao Fu, and John Stromme:

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

California high school grads score 4.0 GPAs but can’t do basic math, professors say

Titus Wu:

California high school students are scoring more straight A’s than ever – but it’s not necessarily because they’re getting smarter, according to data and education experts.

The number of college applicants reporting flawless GPAs of 4.0 or higher has doubled over the past decade even as state testing shows a post-pandemic plunge in reading and math comprehension — revealing a grade-inflation crisis that’s sending students who can’t even do fractions into top universities.

Over the past decade, the number of students applying to the University of California system with straight A’s skyrocketed from 52,989 in 2015 to 103,138 for the class of 2025, with a notable jump during the COVID-19 pandemic between 2020 and 2022, according to UC data reviewed by The Post.

Yes, Children Really Are Getting Dumber

Allysia Finley:

“Most troubling is the decline in the very skills that matter most in the AI age: evaluating information, making connections across multiple sources, and thinking critically about what we read,” the report notes. “The instances of ‘hasty reading’—in which students read quickly but inaccurately—nearly doubled to 9% between 2018 and 2025.”

Adults may be equally guilty of hasty reading, judging by emails that this writer receives. Could Pavlovian ping alerts be fueling a collective attention deficit disorder?

Covid school shutdowns no doubt contributed to the learning loss, though they don’t appear to be the primary culprit, given that scores fell in countries that kept schools mostly open. But there are two common denominators across most countries where scores fell: increasing classroom distractions and reliance on artificial intelligence.

About one-third of students on average in developed countries reported that noise and disorder disrupted lessons, with 29% saying classmates don’t listen to teachers. One in 5 reported that they couldn’t work well because of distractions. Countries where students reported stricter discipline (e.g., Taiwan, Japan and South Korea) experienced small or no learning declines.

Equilibrium in the Market for Public School Teachers: District Wage Strategies and Teacher Comparative Advantage

———-

My JMP showed that flex pay for teachers ⬆️avg average achievement. But is it good for ALL students? 1/n

We show that this is not necessarily the case, that low-achieving students can be left worse off, and illustrate how this trade-off arises and how targeted bonuses can improve both achievement and equity. 2/n

———-

Wisconsin Act 10

Madison’s district, despite an elite university pipeline, hypereducated leadership, and a shiny, new strategic plan, suffers the same frailties as Milwaukee’s: basement performance, backbreaking spending. But while Milwaukee is pulling out of its tailspin due to courageous choices from the top, Madison is ponderously ambling to nowhere. Just ask the locals. “You need the marketing, and you need the product,” as a parent told a reporter. “I’m missing the product.”

2025-2026 Madison 4k-3rd grade Early Literacy Screener report: The bar moves faster than the kids.

Joe Gothard, Becky Kundert and Sonia Spencer Remarks on Madison’s K-12 Literacy Crisis.

2026-2027 Madison K-12 $pending continues to grow, fueled by a 9.7% (!) property tax increase. Total spending will be at least $706,000,000 for 25,003 students, or $28,236 per student.

May 2026 Madison School District Presentation: 7,095 adults for 25,003 students (3.52 students per adult!)

2024-2025 Early Literacy Screener Map.

Map: Foundations of Reading Results: 2015–2024

Where have all the students gone?

3,887 Madison 4 year old to third grade students scored lower than 75% of the students in the national comparison group.

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average k-12 tax & $pending. This despite our long term, disastrous reading results. May, 2026: 7,095 Staff for 25,003 students; $pending > $26k per student!

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic.

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

UC San Diego’s Remedial Math Class Is Full — Reigniting The Debate Over Test Requirements And Academic Preparedness

Robert Farrington

The iconic Geisel Library at the University of California San Diego stands majestically against a bright blue sky, its unique brutalist architecture resembling hands holding up a stack of books. This striking eight-story concrete and glass structure, with its geometric patterns and expansive windows reflecting the surroundings, is framed by lush green landscaping and pathways, hinting at the vibrant campus environment. The image visually anchors the article discussing concerns about UCSD freshmen's declining math skills and the university's response with remedial courses, raising questions about admissions practices, test-optional policies, and grade inflation amidst record demand for college admissions.

Key Points

Both fall 2026 sections of UC San Diego’s MATH 2 (a course covering middle school and early high school material) are full, with 175 students waitlisted.
Between 61% and 68% of MATH 2 enrollment comes from California’s highest-need high schools, and the campus found that few, if any, students who place into MATH 2 have finished an engineering degree.
The class carries no degree credit, costing roughly $1,762 in tuition and fees at in-state rates, and every extra quarter of catch-up adds about $6,608 more to the total cost.

Both fall quarter sections of MATH 2 at UC San Diego are full, and 175 students are sitting on waitlists. A screenshot of the campus booking system posted this week to the r/UCSD subreddit shows one 180-seat section at zero availability with 99 waitlisted, and a second 10-seat section with 76 more waiting. That puts roughly 365 incoming students in or chasing a class that awards no degree credit. This aligns with what the college reported last year about collapsing freshman math skills.

MATH 2 sits below precalculus. The UC San Diego course catalog describes it as “Introduction to College Mathematics,” a four-unit class covering linear relationships, exponents and polynomials, rational expressions, and basic geometry and trigonometry. However, most people understand it’s a catch-up class designed to cover math topics generally addressed in Grades 6-12.

Students land there by scoring low on the school’s Math Placement Exam. Since UCSD and other UC schools don’t use standardized tests for admissions, students are required to take a math placement exam before enrollment to truly understand what grade level of math they should be going into. The grade inflation that pushed high school GPAs upward has simply magnified the results of this exam.

——-

This 2009 (!) University of Wisconsin-Madison Placement Office study of “reform vs traditional math” outcomes came to mind when reading Corrinne Hess’s 7 July 2026 article: “Fewer than half of Wisconsin students are proficient at math“.

21% of University of Wisconsin System Freshman Require Remedial Math

How One Woman Rewrote Math in Corvallis

Singapore Math

Discovery Math

Connected Math (2006!)

Math Forum 2007

You can’t diversify the finish line: The war on standardized tests is shooting the messenger

Kelsey Piper:

The most competitive of NYC’s specialized high schools is Stuyvesant. If the thing you want from high school is the opportunity to take the most challenging courses available alongside peers who are extremely smart and hardworking, Stuyvesant is probably the best school out there: It offers not only 30 or so AP classes but also several years of undergraduate mathematics courses.

And in the 2026-27 admitted class of 777 Stuyvesant students, only 21 are Latino and only three are Black.

City Councilman Lincoln Restler responded to these results with a call to end fully exam-based admissions: “We urgently need state legislation to modify the admissions process,” he wrote.

Restler is hardly the first to call for the exam-based schools to go; Bill de Blasio, while serving as New York City mayor in 2018, proposed replacing test-based admissions with admitting the top 7% of each middle school. Mayor Zohran Mamdani, who himself attended Bronx Science, had entertained SHSAT abolition during his campaign for state Assembly, but this week he took a much smarter approach, calling for more work to ensure that all middle schoolers are well prepared for the SHSAT.

——-

Slop schools

Will Austin

I am not ready to hand over learning to a robot, or a “guide.” Think of your favorite, most impactful teacher right now. I bet you are smiling. Learning is so important, so human, that it requires and is in some way defined by the people you learned with and from.

If there is both common sense and empirical truth at the center of effective learning it is the presence of an effective instructor. In a way, Alpha School is striving to create one paragon of an educator: the personal tutor. If the children of Egyptian pharaohs and Silicon Valley titans can enjoy this level of support, why not use technology to bring it to more people? Fair, but Alpha School is not offering Socrates. You get a guide and a room with kids full of Chromebooks.

I am rooting for the kids who have enrolled in Alpha School. Families have every right to choose this option for their kids. I hope their kids learn a lot, and Alpha School can learn and share what works in its classrooms.

But I’ll be happy if that school model doesn’t spread. Massachusetts has about 900,000 public school children, and districts spend approximately $20,000 per pupil. At most, Alpha School will enroll 180 students in Greater Boston this school year, charging tuition at least three times that much. Alpha School probably won’t change education because its model is fundamentally unscalable.

———-

Madison’s district, despite an elite university pipeline, hypereducated leadership, and a shiny, new strategic plan, suffers the same frailties as Milwaukee’s: basement performance, backbreaking spending. But while Milwaukee is pulling out of its tailspin due to courageous choices from the top, Madison is ponderously ambling to nowhere. Just ask the locals. “You need the marketing, and you need the product,” as a parent told a reporter. “I’m missing the product.”

2025-2026 Madison 4k-3rd grade Early Literacy Screener report: The bar moves faster than the kids.

Joe Gothard, Becky Kundert and Sonia Spencer Remarks on Madison’s K-12 Literacy Crisis.

2026-2027 Madison K-12 $pending continues to grow, fueled by a 9.7% (!) property tax increase. Total spending will be at least $706,000,000 for 25,003 students, or $28,236 per student.

May 2026 Madison School District Presentation: 7,095 adults for 25,003 students (3.52 students per adult!)

2024-2025 Early Literacy Screener Map.

Map: Foundations of Reading Results: 2015–2024

Where have all the students gone?

3,887 Madison 4 year old to third grade students scored lower than 75% of the students in the national comparison group.

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average k-12 tax & $pending. This despite our long term, disastrous reading results. May, 2026: 7,095 Staff for 25,003 students; $pending > $26k per student!

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic.

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

Civics: US Energy Production

Alec Stapp:

Texas produces nearly twice as much electricity as any other state in the US.

And the gap is growing…

Words & Lost Meanings

Jamie Paul

Progressives have contributed no shortage of examples. “Harm” or being “unsafe” now mean little more than “disagreement” or “discomfort.” “Trauma” has become shorthand for any negative feelings whatsoever. “Violence” now encompasses both words and “silence.” Left-wing culture warriors call the online backlashes to their antics “abuse”, while labeling their own public shaming campaigns as “accountability.” Many progressive commentators also routinely characterize criticism as “harassment” or “targeted harassment”, or declare that they are being “targeted” as though they’re Salman Rushdie, in order to curry sympathy and the coveted “I’m so sorry this is happening to you” replies.

…On matters of immigration, the populist right collapsed the views of everyone from the center right to the far left into one undifferentiated mass. Anything short of drastic immigration cutbacks, mass deportations, and walling the country behind electrified ramparts defended by orbital rail guns is now “open borders.” But for all that the right bloviates about “law and order”, it’s very much a “rules for thee but not for me” affair. Indeed, any attempt to hold right-wing politicians to account for actual crimes committed is dubbed “lawfare”, which until recently meant a deliberate misuse of the legal system for partisan political aims.

Preparing for the Age of AI with Prof. Uju Anya at Carnegie-Mellon at $93,614 per year

Philip Greenspun:

Large Language Models (“AI”) are transforming our world. How is Carnegie-Mellon’s linguistics department preparing students to contribute to the Age of AI? Professor Uju Anya has been in the news lately. Example:

On Sept. 8, [2022, as Queen Elizabeth II was on her deathbed] Anya tweeted from her personal account, “I heard the chief monarch of a thieving and raping genocidal empire is finally dying. May her pain be excruciating.”

(Note that use of the phrase “chief monarch” shows an inability to use the English language. There are no non-chief monarchs. Wokipedia: “The word monarch comes from the ancient Greek words monos (meaning “alone”) and arkhein (meaning “to rule”).” Also, is it fair to characterize the UK in 2022 as an “empire”? “Small Islamic island nation,” perhaps? If we are looking back to the 19th century and want to paint the former empire in a better light we could say “Ender of the Arab and African slave trades that began circa 700 AD (Arab) and BCE (African).”)

As with What does Syracuse University teach for $100,000 per year?, nobody asks what students at CMU, each of whom theoretically pays $93,614 per year for the privilege, are learning from Prof. Uju Anya. (Let’s also not forget the taxpayers, who contribute in the form of subsidized student loans (sometimes entirely forgiven!), tuition grants, research grants, tax exemptions for the university’s endowment, and tax deductions given to donors (that increase the burden on other taxpayers).) She’s the author of Racialized Identities in Second Language Learning: Speaking Blackness in Brazil.

What if Anthropic isn’t hiring anyone for their Speaking Blackness in Brazil group? Prof. Anya teaches “Hip Hop and Funk Discourses of Black Womanhood in Brazil and the U.S.” (all course materials hidden behind a paywall to exclude those who don’t pay $93,614 per year to CMU). That would prepare a CMU graduate to work in the Black Womanhood in Brazil department at OpenAI.

More work by this professor whom the CMU administrators were wise enough to agree to pay every week until she dies (“tenure”; the lifetime paycheck drawn from the students paying $93,614 per year and from the taxpayers (“the chumps”)):

Aristotle and AI: Before tokens, words

Hollis Robbins:

There are many approaches to “AI readiness” in higher ed. Mine, a 2000-level English course, begins with the second L in large language models, language. Accordingly, and with an eye to state legislators scrutinizing syllabi for racy texts, we begin with Aristotle.

Most AI 101 college courses begin with the technology. Stanford’s CS324 (“a new course on understanding and developing large language models”) opens by defining a language model as a probability distribution over sequences of tokens, which are words or pieces of words. “The mouse ate the cheese” is more probable than “the cheese ate the mouse,” and both are far more probable than “mouse the the cheese ate.” Students learn about entropy and Claude Shannon’s 1951 theory.1

Ed-tech vendors instruct teachers to tell students that a chatbot is a sophisticated autocomplete that does not think, feel, or know. Writing Program courses either assign a book with a unicorn, rainbow, and robot on the cover or long lists of readings that hurt my head. All of these courses assume that students understand how language works and therefore all they need is to have their hand held while they learn a technology. (Arguments abound whether it is “like a calculator” etc.) Anyone watching the news sees that the technology is changing every few months, with lower hallucination rates and higher rogue agent rates. I wanted to teach durable skills about what an LLM is.

What does a young person born around 2006 know about language as a corpus? A lot less than people born before the internet. Many college students learned to read by a now discredited method called three-cueing, told to figure out unfamiliar words by looking at a picture and the first letter, guessing what made sense. Some have read many whole books but the news says they are reading less. According to a 2024–25 survey, high school English teachers have been assigning an average of 2.81 books a year, down from four in 2008–09, and on the 2024 national assessment, twelfth-grade reading scores were the lowest in the test’s history.2

Notes on k-12 governance and outcomes

Daisy Christodoulou:

Every three years, the OECD publishes the results of its PISA assessments – a worldwide study of how well 15-year-olds do in reading, maths and science. Last week, the results of PISA 2025 were published and were among the most dramatic on record. The average test scores across dozens of countries have fallen precipitously since the last assessment in 2022 – and those scores were themselves down on the 2018 round.

What is going on? Two global trends are likely to be part of the explanation. First, Covid and the pandemic-era school closures may well have had a bigger, and longer-term, impact than we thought. Second, the rising use of technology and social media may be sapping students’ capacity to concentrate.

But England has avoided the downward trend: it is in the global top ten for reading, maths and science, and the second highest-performing country outside of East Asia.

Comparing England with the devolved nations is instructive. In 2012, England and Scotland scored around the same, but by 2025, Scottish students had fallen about a year behind in maths and science, and a smaller amount in reading. The scores of students in Northern Ireland, with its selective grammar school system, are around the same as in Scotland, while the scores of students in Wales are even lower.

———

PISA 2025 Results (Volume I) “Future-Ready Students”

Teacher Union Power, $pending & Literacy

Smirkley:

Teacher unions are good if you want your state to spend more and have fewer literacy programs.

Union strength correlates with school spending. r = 0.68, or 0.78 weighted by pop.

States that spend more adopt fewer literacy programs. r = -0.50, or -0.70 weighted by pop.

A cheesehead’s view of the world

Scott Sumner:

I travel around America, most regions seem more class conscious than Wisconsin, at least compared to Madison, Wisconsin back in the 1960s. Like almost everyone there, I went to public schools. I never even knew whether the other students came from a family of doctors, lawyers or janitors. When I got to Boston, I was surprised by the fact that you could tell a lot about a person’s class by their accent. I was shocked to find that some towns reserved their beaches for residents only. Or that there were gated communities. (Today, I live in a gated community and I still hate the idea.)

I taught a semester in London in 1986 and then a semester in Australia in 1991. In a standard political sense, Britain seems more left wing than Australia. The British government certainly spends more on social programs. But Australia seems to have a more egalitarian culture. I’d make a similar comparison between Wisconsin and Massachusetts.

Because of the egalitarianism I imbibed growing up, I am very averse to any form of tribalism. I dislike right wingers that demonize various races and gender preferences, but I also dislike left wingers that demonize the rich or straight white males. Indeed I’d favor the French approach of not even having the government collect data on ethnicity, and I’d copy the Swedes by having the government treat everyone as a single person for taxation purposes. I’m a radical individualist egalitarian utilitarian. America’s president is a public servant—I view him no differently from a butler or chauffeur. He works for me.

Gallup: Football still America’s favorite sport, but losing young fans

David Broughton

On Jan. 16, 1972, a Gallup headline proclaimed, “Football Overtakes Baseball as America’s Top Spectator Sport,” as the research company’s survey found 38% of Americans identifying football as their favorite sport to watch while 19% named baseball. That was nearly a reversal of what Gallup had found in the previous time it asked that question, 12 years earlier. At that time, 34% named baseball and 21% football.

Similarly, in a survey conducted last month, football remains Americans’ favorite sport to watch, by a wide margin, although the 31% who name it as their favorite is the lowest in a generation.

Although football has topped the list the past 54 years across 23 separate measurements, younger adults’ lesser affinity for the sport helps explain why fewer Americans overall are choosing it as their favorite sport, according to the report. Just 20% of adults aged 18 to 34 identify football as their preferred sport to watch, compared with 30% of those aged 35 to 54 and 38% of those aged 55 and older.

Basketball remains America’s second-most favorite (11%), although its numbers have dropped since its high of 17% in a 1997 poll, when Michael Jordan’s Bulls were the sport’s dominant team.

Meanwhile, 9% of Americans identify soccer as their favorite sport, the highest Gallup has measured by two percentage points. Soccer now is nearly on par with basketball and baseball (10%).

These Sisters Knew Their Mom Was Being Scammed. Telling Her Was the Hard Part

Dalvin Brown:

You suspect your elderly parents are being targeted by financial scammers. Protecting them could require a master course in behavioral science.

There is a growing realization that combating scams means understanding the psychology behind why people fall for them. JPMorgan Chase, for example, hired a behavioral scientist in 2024 to help employees talk to customers who might be under a scammer’s influence. Bank of America has specialists trained to spot financial exploitation so they can work with at-risk clients.

These criminals have gotten highly sophisticated. Many operate out of massive compounds overseas, cultivating deep emotional or romantic attachments with their victims online. Their playbooks often include getting their victims to distrust the people most likely to intervene.

Sisters Heather and Melissa Brown, 45 and 37, respectively, couldn’t convince their 73-year-old mother that a man she met online was a scammer. They traced the photographs he used to another man’s social-media account and then presented their evidence to their mother.

Madison schools and Centro Hispano create ‘new model for partnership’

Erin Gretzinger:

Now, he is working closely with south side families once again as the first associate director of family, youth and community engagement, a new joint position between Centro Hispano and the Madison school district.

In Ambriz’s view, his job is to be a “bridge” in communication. Ambriz said he is well positioned to share information between Centro, the district and families on questions about after-school programming, enrollment, immigration and other issues.

“I feel it is very important because I feel like sometimes that there’s a little bit of disconnect, a little miscommunication, or just maybe too much information being thrown at our families,” he said, adding he is focused on “letting them know that their voice matters with what’s happening in schools — both at the schools that their kids attend, but also district-wide.”

Ambriz’s new role encapsulates the two entities’ recent efforts to grow their partnership. Under a three-year agreement approved by the Madison School Board last fall, the district and the nonprofit pledged to build a “new model for partnership” aiming to strengthen Latinx students’ sense of belonging, cultural identity and academic growth in Madison schools.

———

Madison’s district, despite an elite university pipeline, hypereducated leadership, and a shiny, new strategic plan, suffers the same frailties as Milwaukee’s: basement performance, backbreaking spending. But while Milwaukee is pulling out of its tailspin due to courageous choices from the top, Madison is ponderously ambling to nowhere. Just ask the locals. “You need the marketing, and you need the product,” as a parent told a reporter. “I’m missing the product.”

2025-2026 Madison 4k-3rd grade Early Literacy Screener report: The bar moves faster than the kids.

Joe Gothard, Becky Kundert and Sonia Spencer Remarks on Madison’s K-12 Literacy Crisis.

2026-2027 Madison K-12 $pending continues to grow, fueled by a 9.7% (!) property tax increase. Total spending will be at least $706,000,000 for 25,003 students, or $28,236 per student.

May 2026 Madison School District Presentation: 7,095 adults for 25,003 students (3.52 students per adult!)

2024-2025 Early Literacy Screener Map.

Map: Foundations of Reading Results: 2015–2024

Where have all the students gone?

3,887 Madison 4 year old to third grade students scored lower than 75% of the students in the national comparison group.

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average k-12 tax & $pending. This despite our long term, disastrous reading results. May, 2026: 7,095 Staff for 25,003 students; $pending > $26k per student!

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic.

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

Goldman Sachs’ Remedial Education Program

Emma Burleigh:

Goldman Sachs just brought together around 50 Gen Zers from ultra-rich families for a deep-dive on investing, wealth management, and leadership.

Over the course of the two-week wealth bootcamp in July, the multimillionaire 18- to 23-year-olds attended workshops led by senior Goldman Sachs leaders and industry experts in coaching and luxury.

One morning, the Gen Zers spent nearly an hour learning how to digest Wall Street Journalarticles, strengthening their confidence in reading market news and pinpointing what to take away. And in the afternoons, they’d go through a whole host of crash courses; learning the role of an equity trader from one of Goldman’s own managing directors; touring trading floors, where they got a firsthand look at deals and trades; and studying hedge fund basics and ways to create diverse portfolios.

It was all part of Goldman’s third annual NextGS Investment Intensive Program in New York City. And learning how to understand markets and communicate effectively will come in handy as they step into generational fortunes; much of the Gen Z cohort are kids of the members of Goldman’s private wealth management division, which boasts an average account size of over $90 million, and services clients with fortunes ranging from $10 million to more than $1 billion in assets.

“A fundamental reason we created this program was to allow the young adult children of our families the opportunity to become more confident,” Brittany Boals Moeller, region head of Goldman Sachs’ San Francisco PWM division, tells Fortune. “Many of the participants are not finance majors. They have vastly different academic backgrounds and career ambitions.”

“pacing the frontier”

David Sacks:

Most of all, stop pretending the motivation to slow down is purely altruistic. You face massive product-liability exposure if your products enable a truly damaging cyberattack. The market already punishes models that behave in unpredictable or unauthorized ways. After the Hugging Face episode, it is simply good business for OpenAI and Anthropic to trade some raw power for reliability and predictability. Call it alignment if you want. It is also just giving customers what they want.

Pacing the frontier would also create breathing room for a more intelligent conversation about regulation than Bernie Sanders’ “shut it all down.” China is very unlikely to join a global agreement, as you know, and that has to be taken into account as well.

So go ahead and pace the frontier. You are the ones setting it. The easiest way not to build superintelligence is for you to agree not to build it. Demanding your preferred regulatory framework as the price of that will look like blackmail of the public and the political system. So just do it.

If you do, you’ll buy goodwill for the next conversation. If you don’t, we’ll know this was just another bid for regulatory capture — or an election-season psyop.

———

Mehdi:

however I still think Dario & Anthropic pushing for AI safety regulations rn is mostly about money because their upcoming S1 filings are going to show crazy burn rates on compute so calling for safety audits gives them a perfect excuse to freeze spending without looking weak to investors

I see this whole effective altruism safety movement as a new kind of gatekeeping where a small group claims they know what is best for everyone wanting state regulators to lock down model weights & restrict access while calling it public good

I believe open models & sovereign compute will win anyway because intelligence naturally leaks and decentralizes so trying to build a corporate cartel around code just will not work in the long run

whatt makes this even more revealing is the arrogant geopolitical protectionism hidden beneath the ethical theater…

———

The Post Labor Day AI Panic Psyop Has Been Launched! Antthropic, Open AI & Goverment are the prime beneficiaries

———-

I do not support pacing frontier models. If I am going to die at the hands of killer AI, I want it to be American, not Chinese. Buy American, Die American.

————

Marc Andreessen:

Startup AI companies should be allowed to build AI as fast and aggressively as they can. They should neither confront government-granted protection of big companies, nor should they receive government assistance. They should simply be allowed to compete. If and as startups don’t succeed, their presence in the market will also continuously motivate big companies to be their best – our economies and societies win either way.

Open source AI should be allowed to freely proliferate and compete with both big AI companies and startups. There should be no regulatory barriers to open source whatsoever. Even when open source does not beat companies, its widespread availability is a boon to students all over the world who want to learn how to build and use AI to become part of the technological future, and will ensure that AI is available to everyone who can benefit from it no matter who they are or how much money they have.

To offset the risk of bad people doing bad things with AI, governments working in partnership with the private sector should vigorously engage in each area of potential risk to use AI to maximize society’s defensive capabilities. This shouldn’t be limited to AI-enabled risks but also more general problems such as malnutrition, disease, and climate. AI can be an incredibly powerful tool for solving problems, and we should embrace it as such.

———-

This is no doubt the asymmetric information Bessent has been alluding to for weeks. There’s going to be a helluva lot of liquidity freed by this move. It’s all going to go flooding into USTs. Happy D day bond guys.

———

Translation: our gross margins are getting competed down to 0 by open source models and our capex burn rate is too high.

Let’s maintain our margins with regulatory capture, ban open source models, and slow down the capex arms race. All with a virtue signaling cherry on top.

———-

So what is really on offer is a quid pro quo. We reduce buildout and the recursive element of our technology (focus more on advances that we control and architecture), and maybe give you a few more chips, and you clamp down on open weight models and bring more of your research in house too.

So perhaps the better way to read it is that this is an outreach to China to get the open weights under control.

How to teach the next generation in the era of AI

Daniel Susskind:

The Pisa results sound the alarm on the disastrous impact of tech on our basic skills

And here, we must draw a red line: if we do not confront this decline in literacy and numeracy, it will be a disaster. It is bad in itself. But in preparing the next generation for the age of AI, the loss of these basic skills is catastrophic.

To begin with, literacy and numeracy are not only “basic” in the sense that they are simple, but also because they are the building blocks for all more advanced capabilities — creativity, judgment, reasoning, problem-solving, whatever they might be.

It is impossible to predict the future of work — what jobs will exist, which advanced skills will be in demand. But whatever the latter turn out to be, they will build upon these basics. If the next generation is to flourish, they must have these foundations in place.

And there is another reason to worry about falling literacy and numeracy: AI capabilities are uneven and likely to remain that way. Yes, these systems are magnificent at certain tasks. But at others they are either confidently wrong or simply make things up. If humans are to tell the difference, we must keep our understanding of the fundamentals razor-sharp. It is not enough to use AI — we have to use it critically.

…..
And there is a sad irony in this Scottish and Welsh disaster: by explicitly trying to prepare young people for the future, they have become distracted by woolly ideas like “21st century learning” and “future-oriented approaches”, letting the very things required for the coming generations to flourish in the age of AI — numeracy and literacy — fall into disrepair.

Dave Winer summary:

Play with this teachers. It can be done, and done well. But you have to bring your content expertise to the problem. If you don’t have content expertise, you’re right to be fearful. So develop it, as fast as you can.

Meanwhile, periodic formative and comprehensive summative assessments should happen in class, on paper, with no phones or laptops, so the teacher knows she’s seeing what the kids know, not what they can produce with AI.

AI at home under a parent’s supervision is a win for American education, if the American K-12 establishment can dump its sclerotic, fear-driven, adult-employee-centric habits.

In Praise of Scribes

Trithemius:

Scribes, therefore, give strength to words, memory to things, vigor to times. If you remove them from the Church, faith wavers, charity grows cold, hope falls, justice perishes, law is confounded, the Gospel passes into oblivion. In short, if writing fails, the people will be scattered, devotion will be extinguished, and the peace of catholic unity, thrown into confusion, will be disturbed. But without scribes, writing cannot long remain safe, since it is broken by accident and corrupted by age. For printing is a thing of paper and in a short time is wholly consumed. But the scribe, entrusting letters to parchment, extends both himself and the things he writes into a far distant time.

Thus he enriches the Church, preserves the faith, destroys heresies, repels vices, instructs morals, and gives increase to virtues. The devoted scribe, such as we intend to describe, praises God, gladdens the angels, strengthens just people, corrects sinners, commends the humble, preserves the good, battles down the proud, and condemns the obstinate. The scribe marked by piety is God’s herald, because he announces God’s will both to those present and to those to come: promising eternal life to the good, pardon to the penitent, punishment to the negligent, and damnation to those who despise it.

What is more salutary than this art, what more commendable in piety? God loves it; angels honor it; all the citizens of heaven venerate it. For this is the art that fashions weapons for the faithful against heretics, that casts down the proud, strips demons by its strength, and sets a rule of living for Christians. This is the art that teaches the ignorant, strengthens the faint-hearted, cherishes the devout, and embraces the peaceable with love. What could I say that would be worthy in praise of the scribe? Whatever I shall say is below his praises, because the narrow spirit within me will be constrained before material worthy of so great an honor is lacking.

I confess that there happens to me what very often happens to unskilled orators: terrified by the majesty of the matters about which they have begun to speak, they can neither say what they feel nor, because of shame, presume to be silent. And so it happens that, while they fear to transgress the order and rules of speaking, they fall away from the useful purpose set before them. For just as the spirit of prophecy sometimes, for a time and for a useful reason, leaves even the prophets, so too customary eloquence is not always present to orators. How much more easily, then, is trembling struck into me, who am neither a rhetorician nor fit to adorn so broad a subject with speech. My tongue clings to my now dry palate; breath presses upon my dry innards; my pen trembles, looking again to Jesus; in my breast alone the desire and love of the scribe remain strong. Therefore, when I fail, let no one think that the subject matter was lacking, but that words were lacking to the speaker. Yet I shall do what I can, with Christ’s help, since charity alone is the cause of our labor, and it is rightly proclaimed able to do all things.

——-

Michigan Thinks Grades Are the Problem

Neetu Arnold:

The University of Michigan plans to exclude first-semester letter grades from students’ transcripts to “curb the mental health crisis.” What would seem like a mundane university-level grading change has become a cultural touchpoint. Early-morning talk shows, national to local outlets—everyone seems to have a reaction.

The grading policy is expected to go into effect in fall 2027 in the College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, the largest school at the university. Freshmen will still know what grades they received internally, but those grades won’t count toward their overall GPA. Everyone will be required to receive pass/no credit because “covering an individual’s grades will inadvertently become equated with them not doing well in a class.”

Although covered grading appeals to a very real concern about the difficult transition year, it is a risky policy with an unremarkable track record. Although covered grading appeals to a very real concern about the difficult transition year, it is a risky policy with an unremarkable track record.

History of Covered Grading

Covered, or shadow, grading is when colleges share freshmen’s letter grades with students internally but exclude them from transcripts. The rationale for this kind of policy has historically been to ease the stress that high-achieving students place on themselves when attending unusually rigorous schools.

Michigan would join a small club of universities that have this unusual policy. Other prominent universities include MIT, Caltech, and Wellesley. Schools that adopted these policies mostly did so in the 1960s and 1970s, with Caltech and MIT as early adopters. Caltech facultyhoped that students would learn to “substitute more mature and substantial motives for work than the threat of a low GPA or the status of a high one.”

Does Covered Grading Work?

Covered grading may reduce stress and encourage students to try courses they otherwise would have avoided. Michigan has indicated that it would evaluateits initiative largely on these measures. But the question shouldn’t just be whether covered grading is liked by students or whether it reduces stress. A policy can achieve its immediate aims while creating more serious problems elsewhere.

——-

Civics: Ilhan Omar married her brother

Bill Glahn

Thus sayeth Markwayne Mullin, Secretary of the U.S. Dept. of Homeland Security. From the U.K. Daily Mail,

Trump immigration boss says Ilhan Omar DID marry her brother… and an official investigation could see her deported.

Well, we’ll see about that. As long-time readers of Power Line, you were among the first to know about the brother-marriage of the now-Congresswoman from Minneapolis.

Why it occurred all of those years ago has long been a mystery to everyone except the principals.

——-

Scott Johnson:

The Star Tribune story focuses on the years 2024 and 2025. However, the scale of the Feeding Our Future fraud at the heart of the story became evident no later than November 2020, when Feeding Our Future sued the Department of Human Services for failing to approve new sites — new fraudulent sites. The state had a golden opportunity to confront Feeding Our Future and shut the whole thing down at that time. Yet it folded.

See which UW system universities expect enrollment gains, losses

Sabine Martin:

The Universities of Wisconsin announced an estimated about 1% decrease in enrollment across the 13 universities this fall, according to preliminary student counts.

Out of the 13 universities, six are projected to grow and seven to decline. UW-Eau Claire has the largest percentage decline of 5.2%, a drop of 498 students.

UW-Green Bay has the largest projected percentage increase, at 3.5%, and a numerical increase of 400 students.

Official enrollment will be announced later in the fall.

Here’s the enrollment gains and losses, by the numbers:

Notes on the declining rigor of the SAT

Jeremy Wayne Tate:

Were the California professors clamoring to reinstate the SAT aware of these changes? With reading passages as short as 25 words, the SAT has abandoned even trying to test whether a student is able to focus their attention for more than a few minutes.

When the two main college entrance exams become shells of what they once were, it undermines all of higher education. I believe this is why many of the most serious academic institutions in the country now either accept or favor the CLT. At West Point, the Naval Academy, and the Air Force Academy, we aren’t just an option; we have been declared the “gold standard” by the Secretary of War. This movement is already reshaping the educational track students aspiring to attend our top service academies are taking in high school. Add to this our early-adopter institutions, such as Hillsdale, the University of Dallas, and Thomas Aquinas College, for whom the CLT has become the main college entrance exam.

A Better Way to Reform Head Start

Chester Finn, Jr.:

The federal Head Start program has needed a makeover since it launched in 1965, but the Trump administration’s approach doesn’t go far enough. Reports on the White House’s plan indicate it would scrap most of Head Start’s so-called quality standards and let the states decide—an idea with merit. But the federal government should aim for a deregulated Head Start that prepares needy 3- to 5-year-olds to succeed in kindergarten and beyond.

America’s education woes begin with 5-year-olds who aren’t ready for kindergarten. Schools should do more to solve this problem—hooray for the “science of reading” movement that’s sweeping the land—but the results would be much greater if more children arrived with a proper head start. That’s unlikely under the Trump plan.

From the beginning, Head Start turned a blind eye to school preparation. It set out to be a “child development” program. Its Great Society architects wanted “to help break the cycle of poverty, providing preschool children of low-income families with a comprehensive program to meet their emotional, social, health, nutritional and psychological needs.” All to the good, but you find nothing about getting kids ready to learn the 3 Rs.

Experts, the center directors who profit from operating the program and hundreds of thousands of staffers in those centers—many without college degrees themselves—have fought long and hard against turning Head Start into an education program. When the Education Department was created in 1979, the program remained in Health and Human Services.

The excess pessimism of early nuclear bomb designers

Tyler Cowen:

The Manhattan Project scientists were remarkably good technological and arms-race forecasters. They correctly rejected the idea that America’s nuclear monopoly could be maintained; the Soviet bomb arrived in 1949. They anticipated thermonuclear weapons, huge arsenals and the extreme vulnerability of cities.

Where many of them went wrong was in moving from “a nuclear war would be catastrophic” to “therefore a catastrophic nuclear war is fairly likely.” They tended to underweight the endogenous response of political and military institutions to the catastrophe—the emergence of second-strike forces, elaborate command systems, crisis management, and above all mutually assured retaliation.

There is even some contemporary evidence for an insider/ordinary-public gap. In August 1945, 69% of Americans told Gallup that development of the atomic bomb was a “good thing,” versus only 17% saying it was bad. The scientists campaigning for international control plainly regarded the public as far too complacent.

Let’s Fix Math

Matt Galloway:

There have been alarm bells ringing for some time about dropping math scores in this country

In her documentary, “Are your kids learning math the right way?”, CBC’s Julia Pagel visits a school in Gimli, Manitoba, where new teaching strategies yield impressive test results—while sparking a deeper debate over the best way to teach math.

——-

Why are students getting worse at math?

——-

This 2009 (!) University of Wisconsin-Madison Placement Office study of “reform vs traditional math” outcomes came to mind when reading Corrinne Hess’s 7 July 2026 article: “Fewer than half of Wisconsin students are proficient at math“.

21% of University of Wisconsin System Freshman Require Remedial Math

How One Woman Rewrote Math in Corvallis

Singapore Math

Discovery Math

Connected Math (2006!)

Math Forum 2007

Everyone measures how many problems AI solves. The constraint is that solving isn’t understanding.

Simone Scavo:

The mechanism is the same one I see every time a field falls in love with a metric.

A famous problem—let’s take Riemann or Navier-Stokes as an example, a Millennium Prize—didn’t matter for the answer. It mattered as a measuring tool: if someone solved it, that was the sign that new methods had been born. Then the slow process would start: seminars, discussions, simplifications, a textbook readable by a third-year student. After thirty years, that method would end up inside a compression algorithm or a cryptographic protocol.

The problem was the thermometer, not the fever.

When an AI company uses that thermometer as a product benchmark, exactly what the mathematicians describe happens: the mass production of “true/false” statements at an increasing pace can destroy fertile ground instead of giving it life. You optimize the proxy and lose the thing the proxy was measuring.

———

Mark Bao:

A lot of people are missing Terence Tao’s point and thinking “mathematicians are upset that AI is better than them.” That’s not what he’s saying, and some people are forgetting that Tao is one of the most AI-pilled mathematicians out there.

His point is that when people work on discovering something, along the way they invent new concepts. Those concepts later become useful far beyond the original goal, and enables further inventions. Finding a solution does matter, but the intermediate idea is often what makes the field richer, because other people can share it and build the next thing from it.

In tech, we can use the analogy of collaborative software. We started with algorithms for merging changes in a Word document, and evolved that to concepts about versions, diffs, and merges, and later to real-time collaboration tools like Git, Google Docs, and Figma. Humans built upon these concepts and developed more powerful solution

———

This 2009 (!) University of Wisconsin-Madison Placement Office study of “reform vs traditional math” outcomes came to mind when reading Corrinne Hess’s 7 July 2026 article: “Fewer than half of Wisconsin students are proficient at math“.

21% of University of Wisconsin System Freshman Require Remedial Math

How One Woman Rewrote Math in Corvallis

Singapore Math

Discovery Math

Connected Math (2006!)

Math Forum 2007

—-

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic.

We are setting up a generation to fail at school

John Burn-Murdoch:

There was one problem: even as these visits were taking place, Finnish scores were in a sustained slide. Today, its results are little better than the average country, and many argue its exceptional performance — which peaked around 2000 — owed more to the conventional comprehensive approach it had used in previous decades.

Recent results in the UK support this theory. Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland went down similar routes to Finland during the 2010s, shifting away from established curricula and towards more broadly defined learning outcomes, scrapping school league tables and some standardised tests. By contrast, England doubled down on the established curriculum with strict guidance on the content schools must cover in core subjects, alongside the use of league tables with performance measures that made the rankings harder to game. Fifteen years on, England’s results have held up, propelling it into the top ten internationally, while in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland they have plummeted.

It is a similar story in the US, where children in poorer southern states like Mississippi have made huge gains, overtaking their counterparts in wealthy states like California and moving from well below the national average to above it. Improvements have been especially pronounced among the lowest-scoring children. There, as in the UK, the most common explanations are Mississippi’s adoption of evidence-based classroom methods including teaching phonics at an early age, and its emphasis on accountability, from school rankings to requiring that children be capable readers before they progress.

———

Kaiser Bauch:

A lot of people asked for a comparison of elite pupils across different countries. Cross-comparing specific school types like gymnasiums isn’t really possible, since these vary a lot from country to country, so the most straightforward way to do it is to simply compare the top decile of students in each country (combined science, reading & math).

To make it a bit more interesting, I added how each country’s ranking changes compared to the overall ranking of all students. Here you can see that Czech elite students aren’t particularly elite by comparison — our ranking actually gets slightly worse when you isolate the top decile.

Notes on 2025 PISA

The Economist

VERY THREE years the OECD, a club mostly of rich countries, releases the results of international school tests sat by 15-year-olds all across the world. There were reasons to hope that the latest data, published on September 8th, would bring positive news. Marks in mathematics, reading and science had collapsed in the previous round of testing, which was carried out just after the pandemic. Policymakers dared hope that, with the calamity well in the past, grades might start to rebound.

PISA 2025 Results (Volume I) “Future-Ready Students”

OECD:

————-

Marilyn Muller:

Rahm Emanuel (@RahmEmanuel) is suddenly preaching phonics, science of reading, and teacher training. How convenient.

He is the same mayor who ran Chicago Public Schools for eight years and never made evidence-based reading, writing, and math instruction the non-negotiable core of how classroom teachers were prepared or supported.

He closed 50 schools—the largest mass closing in U.S. history—overwhelmingly in Black neighborhoods, promising better academics. University of Chicago research found the closings did not deliver meaningful academic gains for the kids who were moved. Graduation rates rose. Proficiency did not keep pace. A later look at students who started elementary school on his watch showed large shares still not reading or doing math at grade level.

————

James Furey:

I’m fairly certain the average American teacher doesn’t even know what good teaching looks like.

————

Madison’s district, despite an elite university pipeline, hypereducated leadership, and a shiny, new strategic plan, suffers the same frailties as Milwaukee’s: basement performance, backbreaking spending. But while Milwaukee is pulling out of its tailspin due to courageous choices from the top, Madison is ponderously ambling to nowhere. Just ask the locals. “You need the marketing, and you need the product,” as a parent told a reporter. “I’m missing the product.”

2025-2026 Madison 4k-3rd grade Early Literacy Screener report: The bar moves faster than the kids.

Joe Gothard, Becky Kundert and Sonia Spencer Remarks on Madison’s K-12 Literacy Crisis.

2026-2027 Madison K-12 $pending continues to grow, fueled by a 9.7% (!) property tax increase. Total spending will be at least $706,000,000 for 25,003 students, or $28,236 per student.

May 2026 Madison School District Presentation: 7,095 adults for 25,003 students (3.52 students per adult!)

2024-2025 Early Literacy Screener Map.

Map: Foundations of Reading Results: 2015–2024

Where have all the students gone?

3,887 Madison 4 year old to third grade students scored lower than 75% of the students in the national comparison group.

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average k-12 tax & $pending. This despite our long term, disastrous reading results. May, 2026: 7,095 Staff for 25,003 students; $pending > $26k per student!

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic.

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

Junjie Guo and Ananth Seshadri

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

Reports of Wisconsin’s Brain Drain Are Greatly Exaggerated: The State’s Real Talent Problem Is Who Doesn’t Come

Executive Summary

Wisconsin’s college-educated residents do not leave at unusually high rates. The deeper weakness is on the other side of the ledger: relatively few educated newcomers arrive, especially from far away and among people born in other states. At the median state’s arrival rate, Wisconsin would receive about 7,600 more college-educated arrivals a year. Most of that gap reflects Wisconsin’s generally low rate of interstate circulation. Given its low departure rate, the national relationship predicts only about 1,500 more arrivals a year than Wisconsin actually receives.

The widely cited recent “brain drain” ranking measures something different. Among adults aged 31 to 40, 59.8 percent of Wisconsin-born people living elsewhere hold a bachelor’s degree or higher, compared with 45.2 percent of people born in other states who live here, a 14.6-point gap that ranks second among the 50 states. Among the same birthplace-defined groups, Wisconsin has more college-educated natives living in other states than college-educated adults born in other states living here, as do most states. Counting those people puts Wisconsin 31st of 50. The second-place ranking is a comparison of educational composition, not a ranking of current net migration.

Recent migration flows are much less dramatic. From 2021 to 2024, Wisconsin’s net migration rate for college-educated adults aged 25 to 44 was essentially zero, ranking 25th among the 50 states. Its arrival rate was the 10th lowest in the country; its departure rate was the fifth lowest. Wisconsin did lose college graduates on net through much of the 2010s, roughly 3,700 to 4,200 a year at mid-decade, but recent flows are approximately balanced.

High Tech Low Standards

By Amber M. Northern and Michael J. Petrilli

After years of mounting concern about students and screens, the techlash came to a head in June when the Los Angeles Unified School District made headlines for approving a new screen-time policy for students.

The policy is blunt by design. It limits students’ school-assigned screen time on district-issued devices (such as laptops and tablets),[1] counting both in-school use and homework. Students in pre-K through first grade cannot use school devices for instruction at all, while older elementary students are limited to 60 minutes per day. Middle and high schools have subject-specific limits; for example, high schoolers may spend no more than 90 minutes per subject per week on screens, up to a weekly maximum of 600 minutes.

Opinions were mixed on whether LAUSD got it right. Some welcomed the limits, while others thought tech deserved a more nuanced accounting of its virtues.

Yet whatever one thinks of America’s second-largest school district’s attempt to rein in the downsides of technology, one thing is clear: LAUSD tapped into the national zeitgeist. Weary of children transfixed by devices, isolated from peers and adults alike, district leaders responded to parental pressure and essentially said, “Enough is enough! There has to be a better way.”

The Nonfiction Book Market is Collapsing

Sean deLone

The paradigm of nonfiction being the more stable category is no longer the case. Part of this is platform unpredictability— it is less and less certain which platforms will translate directly to book sales. Media also isn’t as concentrated; you can’t depend on coverage on a few national news programs to push out copies but rather a parasocial connection—even with a relatively smaller reach—between author and reader is likely to translate to stronger sales. Bunnie Xo has a large social media following for instance (2 million on Instagram) but isn’t an established household name such that you’d think her book would be the third bestselling nonfiction hardcover this year.

However, the nonfiction decline is far less about the changing nature of “platform” and the fractured media landscape, and more about a precipitous falloff in demand. No amount of platform is going to change that interest across the board in nonfiction from celebrities down to science has been slowly disappearing. Even if nonfiction is stable and more predictable than fiction in the abstract, it’s by far worth taking the risk on an unknown novelist if the return is potentially 4x as much. Let’s bring the nonfiction collapse into current day context. Two weeks ago, the entire hardcover nonfiction bestseller list sold 42,000 copies, whereas just the top two bestselling fiction hardcovers the same week—The Calamity Club in its 15^th week on-sale and Yesteryear in its 19^th week on-sale—sold 52,000 copies. It’s not inconceivable that on the right week, one fiction hardcover with first week sales could outsell the entirety of the hardcover nonfiction bestseller list.

The false choice between teaching consistency and teacher autonomy

Christian Moore-Anderson:

Education is caught in a debate over autonomy and cohesion. On one side, teachers are demanding professional autonomy: the right to discretion over their lessons. Others are demanding “consistency” through rigid structures and scripts. Neither is fully right.

Professional autonomy is vital, but too much can result in the “siloed teacher”. The potential to create something greater through cohesive teaching and curricula is lost. But to understand the issue with “teaching consistency,” we must move past the binary of autonomy versus control. It’s more fruitful to look at a teacher’s autonomy versus collectively gained capacity.

A teacher’s autonomy versus collectively gained capacity

A graph will help, and through its analysis, I’ll show how some “teaching consistency” arguments don’t add up.

On the y-axis, you’ll find the teacher’s retained autonomy: the capacity to decide how to coordinate with their students. Specifically, it’s the discretion that has been retained (the variety of options still decidable by them) while working within a school (a collective). These may be options for how to teach:

Can you slow the lesson down and not complete the summary activity?
Can you decide to use your own resources?
Can you dedicate more lessons to a topic?
Can you choose a different text or demonstration, or write a different assessment?

On the x-axis, you’ll find the extra capacity that teachers gain when coordinating with other teachers or systems. When, for example, we enter a department and decide on a curriculum, we suddenly gain extra capacity to act through the collective designing and sharing of resources.

The New U.S. Tax on ‘Brilliant People’

Wall Street Journal:

The Department of Homeland Security says this “fee” on H-1B visa applications will fund administration of immigration services. The H-1B program lets businesses hire foreign workers with specialized skills if they can’t find Americans for a position. The goal of this tax isn’t to raise revenue as much as to make it much more expensive to hire foreign workers.

H-1B visas by law are capped at 85,000 a year. Because applications usually exceed the cap, visas are allocated by lottery. While the program has sometimes been abused, only 4,573 H-1B petitions were approved last year for major Indian-based consulting and IT companies, some of which have been accused of abuses.

Still, restrictionists say foreign workers are taking jobs from Americans. “If an American corporation needs workers, it should hire and train Americans,” Vice President JD Vance wrote on social media, linking to a news story about the proposed H-1B tax. That’s a classic straw man argument.

Businesses invest heavily in training U.S. workers, but colleges are educating too few graduates with particular skill sets that employers need—e.g., cyber-security and robotics. According to the National Foundation for American Policy, foreigners account for roughly 75% to 80% of full-time graduate students in AI-related fields.

Wisconsin property tax levies see biggest jump in nearly 20 years

WBAY news staff:

A new report shows Wisconsin property tax levies saw their biggest jump in nearly 20 years.

According to the Wisconsin Policy Forum, levies are up 5.8% on the latest bills. The state’s total property value has now topped $1 trillion.

Democratic candidate David Crowley said, “I’ve delivered for working Wisconsin families that includes lowering property taxes and making housing and childcare more affordable and accessible. I will consider the long-term investments we can make and work with the legislature to bring costs down for all Wisconsinites.”

Republican candidate Tom Tiffany said, “Lowering property taxes will be one of my top priorities as governor. On day one, I will call a special session to end the 400-year property tax hike and give Wisconsin homeowners certainty that their property taxes won’t keep climbing year after year.”

———

2025-2026 Madison 4k-3rd grade Early Literacy Screener report: The bar moves faster than the kids.

Joe Gothard, Becky Kundert and Sonia Spencer Remarks on Madison’s K-12 Literacy Crisis.

2026-2027 Madison K-12 $pending continues to grow, fueled by a 9.7% (!) property tax increase. Total spending will be at least $706,000,000 for 25,003 students, or $28,236 per student.

May 2026 Madison School District Presentation: 7,095 adults for 25,003 students (3.52 students per adult!)

2024-2025 Early Literacy Screener Map.

Map: Foundations of Reading Results: 2015–2024

Where have all the students gone?

3,887 Madison 4 year old to third grade students scored lower than 75% of the students in the national comparison group.

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average k-12 tax & $pending. This despite our long term, disastrous reading results. May, 2026: 7,095 Staff for 25,003 students; $pending > $26k per student!

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic.

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]

Friday Afternoon Veto: Governor Evers Rejects AB446/SB454; an effort to address our long term, disastrous reading results

Booked, but can’t read (Madison): functional literacy, National citizenship and the new face of Dred Scott in the age of mass incarceration.

When A Stands for Average: Students at the UW-Madison School of Education Receive Sky-High Grades. How Smart is That?

Do Madison’s schools underperform Milwaukee’s? Let’s talk about it.

Quinton Klabon

Talk to your typical Wisconsinite and they will tell you Milwaukee is the past, Madison is the future. Milwaukee is shrinking, unsafe and broke, they will argue, while Madison is flush with people, turning out votes, and have you seen all of the new construction?

I do not buy it. To keep Wisconsin strong, we need our champion cities to be at their very best. Sadly, Madison is failing to provide the quality of services its citizens deserve.

So I will say in the open what people have been whispering: Madison Metropolitan School District is as troubled as Milwaukee Public Schools is.

Madison’s district, despite an elite university pipeline, hypereducated leadership, and a shiny, new strategic plan, suffers the same frailties as Milwaukee’s: basement performance, backbreaking spending. But while Milwaukee is pulling out of its tailspin due to courageous choices from the top, Madison is ponderously ambling to nowhere. Just ask the locals. “You need the marketing, and you need the product,” as a parent told a reporter. “I’m missing the product.”

So, what is the product?

Madison’s test scores are near the state’s bottom. Controlling for poverty (so you can see how well a district teaches, not the backgrounds of its students), Madison ranks 13th of Wisconsin’s 15 biggest districts on the Forward Exam and 12th on the ACT. That is right next to Milwaukee and far below leaders like Sheboygan and Janesville. Specifically, Madison has a tragically high number of students failing mathematics. The percentage of students scoring “developing,” the lowest tier, on the Forward math section is 14 points higher than expected for its student body. The percentage scoring “developing” on ACT’s math portion, a 15 or below, is 12 points higher. Accounting for poverty’s relationship with test performance, Madison’s district vastly underperforms the level predicted by its economic disadvantage.

Hispanic and Black students are doing no better in Madison’s district than they are in Milwaukee’s. The average ACT score for Madison’s Black students is 14.6. Milwaukee’s is 14.4. The average ACT score for Madison’s Hispanic students is 15.9. Milwaukee’s is 16.0. You cannot open the news in Milwaukee without catching another national report rightly reproaching Milwaukee for the nation’s lowest scores and worst gaps. When will Madison receive the same scrutiny?

Madison is getting critical questions wrong, possibly wrecking recovery. Take its mathematics curriculum. The district is getting away from traditional instruction: “I do, we do, you do.” That is how the nation’s best schools teach, how some of the nation’s best coaches coach, and how you teach your child to cook. “I will show you how to crack an egg. Now, we will crack an egg together. Okay, you show me how to crack an egg.” Instead, as Assistant Superintendent Cindy Green explained to Madison’s school board, “We do it together … through dialogue, through discourse, through application. Then, it’s you all go … practice that to yourself. And then, it’s I do and I show you.” That is “productive struggle,” a quick way to frustrate students, squander class time, and develop bad habits. Madison is giving a classroom of first graders cartons of eggs and hoping they do not make a mess.

———

More:

MADISON VERSUS SHEBOYGAN
low income: 43% / 63%
special needs: 17% / 19%
English 2nd language: 21% / 17%
funding: $22,298 / $16,362

math proficiency: 43% / 48%
reading proficiency: 47% / 45%
math failure: 31% / 22%
reading failure: 29% / 22%

But DPI says Madison is better. Nope!

———

2025-2026 Madison 4k-3rd grade Early Literacy Screener report: The bar moves faster than the kids.

Joe Gothard, Becky Kundert and Sonia Spencer Remarks on Madison’s K-12 Literacy Crisis.

2026-2027 Madison K-12 $pending continues to grow, fueled by a 9.7% (!) property tax increase. Total spending will be at least $706,000,000 for 25,003 students, or $28,236 per student.

May 2026 Madison School District Presentation: 7,095 adults for 25,003 students (3.52 students per adult!)

2024-2025 Early Literacy Screener Map.

Map: Foundations of Reading Results: 2015–2024

Where have all the students gone?

3,887 Madison 4 year old to third grade students scored lower than 75% of the students in the national comparison group.

Madison taxpayers have long supported far above average k-12 tax & $pending. This despite our long term, disastrous reading results. May, 2026: 7,095 Staff for 25,003 students; $pending > $26k per student!

Madison Schools: More $, No Accountability

The taxpayer funded Madison School District long used Reading Recovery…

The data clearly indicate that being able to read is not a requirement for graduation at (Madison) East, especially if you are black or Hispanic.

My Question to Wisconsin Governor Tony Evers on Teacher Mulligans and our Disastrous Reading Results

2017: West High Reading Interventionist Teacher’s Remarks to the School Board on Madison’s Disastrous Reading Results

Madison’s taxpayer supported K-12 school district, despite spending far more than most, has long tolerated disastrous reading results.

Wisconsin Public Policy Forum Madison School District Report[PDF]